What is Five9's earnings per share (EPS)?

Five9 (FIVN) reported diluted earnings per share of $0.45 for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 364.7% change compared to the previous fiscal year. EPS represents the portion of a company's net income allocated to each outstanding share of common stock and is widely used to evaluate profitability on a per-share basis.

Five9 Financials

FIVN

Source SEC Filings (10-K/10-Q) Updated Dec 31, 2025 Currency USD FYE December

This page shows Five9 (FIVN) financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and key financial ratios. View 14 years of annual fundamentals and quarterly data, with year-over-year growth rates and compound annual growth rates (CAGR). All figures are derived from SEC filings (10-K and 10-Q reports).

Financial Health Signals

Financial Profile 56/100

Based on FY2025 annual data. Scores normalized against common benchmarks. How we calculate these scores

Profitability

Five9 has an operating margin of 2.5%, meaning the company retains $3 of operating profit per $100 of revenue. This below-average margin results in a low score of 28/100, suggesting thin profitability after operating expenses. This is up from -4.9% the prior year.

Growth

Five9's revenue grew 10.3% year-over-year to $1.1B, a solid pace of expansion. This earns a growth score of 50/100.

Leverage

Five9 carries a low D/E ratio of 1.28, meaning only $1.28 of long-term debt for every $1 of shareholders' equity. This conservative leverage earns a score of 76/100, indicating a strong balance sheet with room for future borrowing.

Liquidity

With a current ratio of 4.51, Five9 holds $4.51 in current assets for every $1 of short-term obligations. This comfortable liquidity earns a score of 89/100.

Cash Flow

Five9 converts 17.5% of revenue into free cash flow ($201.2M). This strong cash generation earns a score of 69/100.

Returns

Five9 generates a 5.0% ROE, indicating limited profit relative to shareholders' investment. This results in a returns score of 22/100. This is up from -2.1% the prior year.

Altman Z-Score Distress

1.59

Five9 scores 1.59, below the 1.81 distress threshold. This indicates elevated financial distress risk and warrants close attention to liquidity and debt levels.

Piotroski F-Score Strong

7/9

Five9 passes 7 of 9 financial strength tests. All 4 profitability signals pass (positive income, cash flow, and earnings quality), 1 of 3 leverage/liquidity signals pass, both operating efficiency signals pass.

Earnings Quality Cash-Backed

5.74x

For every $1 of reported earnings, Five9 generates $5.74 in operating cash flow ($226.2M OCF vs $39.4M net income). This indicates profits are well-supported by actual cash generation, not accounting adjustments.

Interest Coverage Adequate

2.0x

Five9 earns $2.0 in operating income for every $1 of interest expense ($28.9M vs $14.1M). This adequate coverage means the company can meet its interest obligations, but has limited cushion if earnings fall.

Key Financial Metrics

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Earnings & Revenue

Revenue

$1.1B

YoY+10.3%

5Y CAGR+21.4%

10Y CAGR+24.5%

Five9 generated $1.1B in revenue in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 10.3% from the prior year.

EBITDA

$90.6M

YoY+5556.3%

5Y CAGR+48.0%

Five9's EBITDA was $90.6M in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This represents an increase of 5556.3% from the prior year.

Net Income

$39.4M

YoY+408.1%

Five9 reported $39.4M in net income in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 408.1% from the prior year.

EPS (Diluted)

$0.45

YoY+364.7%

Five9 earned $0.45 per diluted share (EPS) in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 364.7% from the prior year.

Cash & Balance Sheet

Free Cash Flow

$201.2M

YoY+99.7%

5Y CAGR+40.4%

Five9 generated $201.2M in free cash flow in fiscal year 2025, representing cash available after capex. This represents an increase of 99.7% from the prior year.

Cash & Debt

$232.1M

YoY-36.0%

5Y CAGR+1.0%

10Y CAGR+14.8%

Five9 held $232.1M in cash against $0 in long-term debt as of fiscal year 2025.

Dividends Per Share

N/A

Shares Outstanding

76M

YoY+0.9%

5Y CAGR+2.8%

10Y CAGR+4.1%

Five9 had 76M shares outstanding in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 0.9% from the prior year.

Margins & Returns

Gross Margin

55.1%

YoY+0.9pp

5Y CAGR-3.5pp

10Y CAGR+1.2pp

Five9's gross margin was 55.1% in fiscal year 2025, indicating the percentage of revenue retained after direct costs. This is up 0.9 percentage points from the prior year.

Operating Margin

2.5%

YoY+7.4pp

5Y CAGR+5.3pp

10Y CAGR+18.9pp

Five9's operating margin was 2.5% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting core business profitability. This is up 7.4 percentage points from the prior year.

Net Margin

3.4%

YoY+4.7pp

5Y CAGR+13.1pp

10Y CAGR+23.5pp

Five9's net profit margin was 3.4% in fiscal year 2025, showing the share of revenue converted to profit. This is up 4.7 percentage points from the prior year.

Return on Equity

5.0%

YoY+7.1pp

5Y CAGR+20.1pp

10Y CAGR+103.3pp

Five9's ROE was 5.0% in fiscal year 2025, measuring profit generated per dollar of shareholder equity. This is up 7.1 percentage points from the prior year.

Capital Allocation

R&D Spending

$152.3M

YoY-8.3%

5Y CAGR+17.2%

10Y CAGR+21.0%

Five9 invested $152.3M in research and development in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 8.3% from the prior year.

Share Buybacks

$50.0M

Five9 spent $50.0M on share buybacks in fiscal year 2025, returning capital to shareholders by reducing shares outstanding.

Capital Expenditures

$25.0M

YoY-41.1%

5Y CAGR-3.9%

10Y CAGR+36.4%

Five9 invested $25.0M in capex in fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure. This represents a decrease of 41.1% from the prior year.

FIVN Income Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Revenue	$1.1B+10.3%	$1.0B+14.4%	$910.5M+16.9%	$778.8M+27.8%	$609.6M+40.2%	$434.9M
Cost of Revenue	$516.2M+8.1%	$477.5M+10.4%	$432.7M+17.7%	$367.5M+35.6%	$271.1M+50.4%	$180.3M
Gross Profit	$632.9M+12.1%	$564.4M+18.1%	$477.8M+16.2%	$411.3M+21.5%	$338.5M+32.9%	$254.6M
R&D Expenses	$152.3M-8.3%	$166.2M+6.1%	$156.6M+10.4%	$141.8M+32.6%	$106.9M+55.5%	$68.7M
SG&A Expenses	$139.9M+1.7%	$137.6M+11.8%	$123.1M+29.4%	$95.1M+1.3%	$93.9M+42.8%	$65.8M
Operating Income	$28.9M+156.2%	-$51.3M+48.0%	-$98.6M-12.6%	-$87.6M-55.7%	-$56.3M-357.1%	-$12.3M
Interest Expense	$14.1M-5.0%	$14.8M+93.7%	$7.6M+2.0%	$7.5M-6.7%	$8.0M-71.7%	$28.3M
Income Tax	$5.5M+13715.0%	$40K-98.3%	$2.3M-46.6%	$4.4M+138.9%	-$11.3M-360.0%	-$2.5M
Net Income	$39.4M+408.1%	-$12.8M+84.4%	-$81.8M+13.6%	-$94.7M-78.6%	-$53.0M-25.8%	-$42.1M
EPS (Diluted)	$0.45+364.7%	$-0.17+85.0%	$-1.13+16.3%	$-1.35-70.9%	$-0.79-19.7%	$-0.66

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Revenue	$300.3M+5.1%	$285.8M+0.9%	$283.3M+1.3%	$279.7M+0.4%	$278.7M+5.5%	$264.2M+4.8%	$252.1M+2.1%	$247.0M
Cost of Revenue	$133.8M+4.1%	$128.6M+0.5%	$127.9M+1.5%	$126.0M+2.7%	$122.7M+0.6%	$121.9M+3.0%	$118.4M+3.4%	$114.5M
Gross Profit	$166.4M+5.8%	$157.3M+1.2%	$155.4M+1.1%	$153.7M-1.5%	$156.0M+9.7%	$142.2M+6.4%	$133.7M+0.9%	$132.5M
R&D Expenses	$36.1M+2.5%	$35.2M-11.8%	$39.9M-2.9%	$41.1M-0.9%	$41.5M-2.4%	$42.5M+4.3%	$40.7M-1.9%	$41.5M
SG&A Expenses	$33.9M-1.3%	$34.4M-5.6%	$36.4M+3.4%	$35.2M-3.4%	$36.4M-0.4%	$36.6M+7.6%	$34.0M+11.3%	$30.5M
Operating Income	$19.8M+23.4%	$16.0M+1127.7%	-$1.6M+71.2%	-$5.4M-229.9%	$4.2M+127.1%	-$15.4M+20.4%	-$19.4M+6.4%	-$20.7M
Interest Expense	$3.1M-1.1%	$3.1M-19.2%	$3.8M-7.2%	$4.1M-3.7%	$4.3M+5.0%	$4.1M+4.1%	$3.9M+52.2%	$2.6M
Income Tax	$3.3M+415.9%	$643K-53.5%	$1.4M+651.1%	$184K+143.2%	-$426K+89.0%	-$3.9M-215.6%	$3.3M+238.2%	$989K
Net Income	$19.7M+9.7%	$18.0M+1457.5%	$1.2M+100.3%	$576K-95.0%	$11.6M+358.5%	-$4.5M+65.1%	-$12.8M-81.1%	-$7.1M
EPS (Diluted)	$0.23+9.5%	$0.21+2000.0%	$0.010.0%	$0.01-92.3%	$0.13+316.7%	$-0.06+64.7%	$-0.17-70.0%	$-0.10

FIVN Balance Sheet

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Total Assets	$1.8B-12.7%	$2.1B+37.2%	$1.5B+20.1%	$1.2B+4.3%	$1.2B+12.1%	$1.1B
Current Assets	$959.7M-23.1%	$1.2B+35.1%	$924.1M+18.7%	$778.7M+26.2%	$617.2M-10.4%	$689.1M
Cash & Equivalents	$232.1M-36.0%	$362.5M+153.2%	$143.2M-20.7%	$180.5M+98.6%	$90.9M-58.8%	$220.4M
Inventory	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Accounts Receivable	$131.0M+13.7%	$115.2M+18.2%	$97.4M+11.3%	$87.5M+4.5%	$83.7M+71.8%	$48.7M
Goodwill	$366.3M+0.2%	$365.4M+60.7%	$227.4M+37.5%	$165.4M0.0%	$165.4M0.0%	$165.4M
Total Liabilities	$1.0B-29.7%	$1.4B+49.4%	$956.5M+2.4%	$934.5M-4.8%	$981.8M+25.1%	$784.6M
Current Liabilities	$213.0M-66.8%	$641.7M+283.8%	$167.2M+10.9%	$150.8M-4.3%	$157.6M+52.2%	$103.6M
Long-Term Debt	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Total Equity	$785.8M+26.3%	$622.2M+15.6%	$538.1M+73.6%	$310.0M+46.8%	$211.1M-24.4%	$279.2M
Retained Earnings	-$378.2M+9.4%	-$417.6M-3.2%	-$404.9M-25.3%	-$323.1M-41.4%	-$228.4M-15.3%	-$198.2M

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Total Assets	$1.8B+1.2%	$1.8B+3.7%	$1.7B-18.4%	$2.1B+1.9%	$2.1B+2.2%	$2.0B+5.1%	$1.9B+2.1%	$1.9B
Current Assets	$959.7M+1.1%	$949.4M+6.2%	$894.2M-30.5%	$1.3B+3.1%	$1.2B+3.7%	$1.2B-8.9%	$1.3B+2.5%	$1.3B
Cash & Equivalents	$232.1M+20.0%	$193.4M-5.9%	$205.5M-44.5%	$370.3M+2.2%	$362.5M+24.6%	$291.0M+65.6%	$175.7M-26.8%	$240.2M
Inventory	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Accounts Receivable	$131.0M-5.4%	$138.5M+8.3%	$127.8M+7.8%	$118.6M+3.0%	$115.2M-1.1%	$116.4M+11.5%	$104.4M+1.2%	$103.2M
Goodwill	$366.3M0.0%	$366.3M-0.1%	$366.7M0.0%	$366.7M+0.3%	$365.4M0.0%	$365.4M+60.8%	$227.3M0.0%	$227.3M
Total Liabilities	$1.0B+1.1%	$993.1M+0.6%	$987.5M-30.7%	$1.4B-0.2%	$1.4B-0.9%	$1.4B+4.2%	$1.4B-0.2%	$1.4B
Current Liabilities	$213.0M+3.5%	$205.7M+2.1%	$201.6M-68.4%	$638.9M-0.4%	$641.7M-1.3%	$650.2M+5.8%	$614.7M+234.9%	$183.5M
Long-Term Debt	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Total Equity	$785.8M+1.4%	$775.3M+8.1%	$717.4M+8.0%	$664.3M+6.8%	$622.2M+10.0%	$565.6M+7.6%	$525.9M+8.7%	$483.6M
Retained Earnings	-$378.2M+5.0%	-$397.9M+4.3%	-$415.9M+0.3%	-$417.1M+0.1%	-$417.6M+2.7%	-$429.2M-1.1%	-$424.7M-3.1%	-$411.9M

FIVN Cash Flow Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Operating Cash Flow	$226.2M+58.0%	$143.2M+11.1%	$128.8M+45.0%	$88.9M+206.5%	$29.0M-56.9%	$67.3M
Capital Expenditures	$25.0M-41.1%	$42.4M+35.7%	$31.2M-40.2%	$52.3M+23.8%	$42.2M+38.8%	$30.4M
Free Cash Flow	$201.2M+99.7%	$100.8M+3.3%	$97.6M+166.7%	$36.6M+376.8%	-$13.2M-135.8%	$36.9M
Investing Cash Flow	$122.3M+145.9%	-$266.6M-2.7%	-$259.6M-938.3%	$31.0M+120.6%	-$150.5M+60.6%	-$382.3M
Financing Cash Flow	-$478.6M-239.6%	$342.7M+262.4%	$94.6M+412.8%	-$30.2M-303.0%	-$7.5M-101.6%	$457.4M
Dividends Paid	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Share Buybacks	$50.0M	$0	$0	N/A	N/A	N/A

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Operating Cash Flow	$83.6M+41.2%	$59.2M+68.8%	$35.1M-27.5%	$48.4M-2.9%	$49.8M+21.1%	$41.1M+106.9%	$19.9M-38.6%	$32.4M
Capital Expenditures	$6.2M-40.6%	$10.5M+200.6%	$3.5M-26.0%	$4.7M-49.2%	$9.3M-35.4%	$14.4M+112.3%	$6.8M-43.3%	$12.0M
Free Cash Flow	$77.3M+58.8%	$48.7M+54.2%	$31.6M-27.7%	$43.7M+7.7%	$40.5M+51.5%	$26.7M+104.1%	$13.1M-35.8%	$20.4M
Investing Cash Flow	$3.2M+104.4%	-$71.9M-131.4%	$229.2M+701.4%	-$38.1M-309.5%	$18.2M-75.9%	$75.4M+180.8%	-$93.3M+65.0%	-$266.8M
Financing Cash Flow	-$48.0M-8436.3%	$576K+100.1%	-$429.0M-19731.8%	-$2.2M-165.0%	$3.3M+428.1%	-$1.0M-111.2%	$9.0M-97.3%	$331.4M
Dividends Paid	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

FIVN Financial Ratios

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Gross Margin	55.1%+0.9pp	54.2%+1.7pp	52.5%-0.3pp	52.8%-2.7pp	55.5%-3.0pp	58.6%
Operating Margin	2.5%+7.4pp	-4.9%+5.9pp	-10.8%+0.4pp	-11.3%-2.0pp	-9.2%-6.4pp	-2.8%
Net Margin	3.4%+4.7pp	-1.2%+7.8pp	-9.0%+3.2pp	-12.2%-3.5pp	-8.7%+1.0pp	-9.7%
Return on Equity	5.0%+7.1pp	-2.1%+13.1pp	-15.2%+15.3pp	-30.5%-5.4pp	-25.1%-10.0pp	-15.1%
Return on Assets	2.2%+2.8pp	-0.6%+4.9pp	-5.5%+2.1pp	-7.6%-3.2pp	-4.4%-0.5pp	-4.0%
Current Ratio	4.51+2.6	1.95-3.6	5.53+0.4	5.16+1.2	3.92-2.7	6.65
Debt-to-Equity	1.28-1.0	2.30+0.5	1.78-1.2	3.01-1.6	4.65+1.8	2.81
FCF Margin	17.5%+7.8pp	9.7%-1.1pp	10.7%+6.0pp	4.7%+6.9pp	-2.2%-10.7pp	8.5%

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Gross Margin	55.4%+0.4pp	55.0%+0.2pp	54.9%-0.1pp	55.0%-1.0pp	56.0%+2.1pp	53.8%+0.8pp	53.0%-0.6pp	53.6%
Operating Margin	6.6%+1.0pp	5.6%+6.2pp	-0.5%+1.4pp	-1.9%-3.4pp	1.5%+7.3pp	-5.8%+1.8pp	-7.7%+0.7pp	-8.4%
Net Margin	6.6%+0.3pp	6.3%+5.9pp	0.4%+0.2pp	0.2%-3.9pp	4.2%+5.9pp	-1.7%+3.4pp	-5.1%-2.2pp	-2.9%
Return on Equity	2.5%+0.2pp	2.3%+2.2pp	0.2%+0.1pp	0.1%-1.8pp	1.9%+2.6pp	-0.8%+1.7pp	-2.4%-1.0pp	-1.5%
Return on Assets	1.1%+0.1pp	1.0%+1.0pp	0.1%+0.0pp	0.0%-0.5pp	0.6%+0.8pp	-0.2%+0.5pp	-0.7%-0.3pp	-0.4%
Current Ratio	4.51-0.1	4.61+0.2	4.44+2.4	2.02+0.1	1.95+0.1	1.85-0.3	2.15-4.9	7.02
Debt-to-Equity	1.280.0	1.28-0.1	1.38-0.8	2.15-0.2	2.30-0.3	2.55-0.1	2.63-0.2	2.87
FCF Margin	25.8%+8.7pp	17.0%+5.9pp	11.1%-4.5pp	15.6%+1.1pp	14.5%+4.4pp	10.1%+4.9pp	5.2%-3.1pp	8.3%

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Five9's annual revenue?

Five9 (FIVN) reported $1.1B in total revenue for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 10.3% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Revenue measures the total income earned from the company's primary business operations before any expenses are deducted.

How fast is Five9's revenue growing?

Five9 (FIVN) revenue grew by 10.3% year-over-year, from $1.0B to $1.1B in fiscal year 2025.

Is Five9 profitable?

Yes, Five9 (FIVN) reported a net income of $39.4M in fiscal year 2025, with a net profit margin of 3.4%.

What is Five9's EBITDA?

Five9 (FIVN) had EBITDA of $90.6M in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

What is Five9's gross margin?

Five9 (FIVN) had a gross margin of 55.1% in fiscal year 2025, indicating the percentage of revenue retained after direct costs of goods sold.

What is Five9's operating margin?

Five9 (FIVN) had an operating margin of 2.5% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting the profitability of core business operations before interest and taxes.

What is Five9's net profit margin?

Five9 (FIVN) had a net profit margin of 3.4% in fiscal year 2025, representing the share of revenue converted into profit after all expenses.

What is Five9's return on equity (ROE)?

Five9 (FIVN) has a return on equity of 5.0% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company generates profit from shareholder equity.

What is Five9's free cash flow?

Five9 (FIVN) generated $201.2M in free cash flow during fiscal year 2025. This represents a 99.7% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Free cash flow represents the cash a company generates after accounting for capital expenditures, and is widely used to assess financial flexibility and shareholder value.

What is Five9's operating cash flow?

Five9 (FIVN) generated $226.2M in operating cash flow during fiscal year 2025, representing cash generated from core business activities.

What are Five9's total assets?

Five9 (FIVN) had $1.8B in total assets as of fiscal year 2025, including both current and long-term assets.

What are Five9's capital expenditures?

Five9 (FIVN) invested $25.0M in capital expenditures during fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure.

How much does Five9 spend on research and development?

Five9 (FIVN) invested $152.3M in research and development during fiscal year 2025.

Does Five9 buy back shares?

Yes, Five9 (FIVN) spent $50.0M on share buybacks during fiscal year 2025, returning capital to shareholders by reducing shares outstanding.

How many shares does Five9 have outstanding?

Five9 (FIVN) had 76M shares outstanding as of fiscal year 2025.

What is Five9's current ratio?

Five9 (FIVN) had a current ratio of 4.51 as of fiscal year 2025, which is generally considered healthy.

What is Five9's debt-to-equity ratio?

Five9 (FIVN) had a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.28 as of fiscal year 2025, measuring the company's financial leverage by comparing total debt to shareholder equity.

What is Five9's return on assets (ROA)?

Five9 (FIVN) had a return on assets of 2.2% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company uses its assets to generate profit.

What is Five9's Altman Z-Score?

Five9 (FIVN) has an Altman Z-Score of 1.59, placing it in the Distress Zone (elevated bankruptcy risk). The Z-Score combines five financial ratios—working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market capitalization, and revenue relative to total assets—to predict the likelihood of bankruptcy. Scores above 2.99 indicate financial safety while scores below 1.81 suggest financial distress. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

What is Five9's Piotroski F-Score?

Five9 (FIVN) has a Piotroski F-Score of 7 out of 9, indicating strong financial health. The F-Score evaluates nine binary signals across profitability (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, earnings quality), leverage (decreasing debt, improving liquidity, no share dilution), and operating efficiency (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Scores of 7–9 indicate strong and improving fundamentals. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Are Five9's earnings high quality?

Five9 (FIVN) has an earnings quality ratio of 5.74x, considered cash-backed (high quality). This ratio compares operating cash flow to net income. A ratio above 1.0x means the company generates more cash than its reported earnings, indicating sustainable, cash-backed profits. Ratios below 1.0x suggest earnings rely on accounting accruals rather than actual cash generation. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Can Five9 cover its interest payments?

Five9 (FIVN) has an interest coverage ratio of 2.0x, meaning it can adequately cover its interest obligations. This ratio divides operating income by interest expense. Ratios above 5x indicate strong debt-servicing ability, while ratios below 2x suggest the company may face difficulty meeting interest payments if earnings decline. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

How financially healthy is Five9?

Five9 (FIVN) scores 56 out of 100 on our Financial Profile, indicating moderate overall financial health. This composite score evaluates six dimensions: profitability (operating margin), revenue growth, leverage (debt-to-equity), liquidity (current ratio), cash flow quality (free cash flow margin), and shareholder returns (return on equity). Each dimension is normalized against standard financial benchmarks. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.