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Overview of 374Water Inc.
374Water Inc. is a global cleantech company that is redefining waste management through its breakthrough AirSCWO technology. At its core, the company specializes in transforming organic waste streams, including sewage sludge, biosolids, food waste, hazardous materials, and persistent contaminants like PFAS, into valuable resources such as clean water, mineral effluents, and recoverable heat energy. By leveraging supercritical water oxidation, 374Water offers a sustainable and energy-efficient solution aimed at solving major environmental challenges such as water scarcity and the safe management of waste.
Innovative Technology and Operational Excellence
The proprietary AirSCWO system is built on state-of-the-art supercritical water oxidation technology, which rapidly converts organic wastes into inert by-products within seconds. This process not only effectively destroys recalcitrant contaminants and pathogens but also recovers energy and nutrients from the waste. The technology is designed to be compact and prefabricated, allowing for flexible installation in various municipal, federal, and industrial settings. With a strong emphasis on safety and efficiency, the system minimizes environmental impact by producing safe dischargeable water streams and mineral effluents that meet stringent regulatory discharge criteria.
Applications Across Key Market Segments
374Water Inc. serves a diverse range of markets including municipal wastewater treatment facilities, federal agencies grappling with hazardous waste, and industrial sectors looking for robust waste management solutions. The company’s technology addresses the urgent need for sustainable infrastructure by providing an integrated approach to waste management. For municipalities, this means reducing the volumes of biosolids and sludge while reclaiming water and energy. Federal and industrial customers benefit from reliable, on-site waste destruction solutions that cut down conventional disposal costs and mitigate risks associated with hazardous waste accumulation. This diversified market presence has positioned 374Water as an authoritative player in the waste treatment ecosystem.
Competitive Advantages and Industry Significance
One of the key competitive advantages of 374Water Inc. lies in its ability to completely destroy hazardous and non-hazardous organic wastes without merely transferring pollutants from one medium to another. Unlike traditional wastewater treatments that only condense or transport waste, the AirSCWO system permanently mineralizes contaminants, ensuring that the hazardous materials do not reappear in subsequent processes. The technology offers a rapid, continuous flow solution that integrates seamlessly into existing infrastructure, thus reducing the need for expansive facility overhauls. In addition, by recovering energy in the process, the system delivers a dual benefit of cost savings and environmental stewardship.
Focus on Sustainability and Resource Recovery
In today’s challenging environmental landscape, the ability to recover resources from waste is critical. 374Water’s innovative approach transforms waste into essential outputs, such as reclaimed water suitable for reuse and recoverable thermal energy. This not only helps in reducing the overall environmental footprint but also advances the circular economy model, where waste is viewed as a resource rather than a by-product. By safely eliminating harmful substances including forever chemicals like PFAS and providing safe mineral effluent and gas, the company contributes to a cleaner and more sustainable future.
Commitment to Research, Testing, and Scalability
The company continues to invest in R&D and has established state-of-the-art laboratory facilities that exceed Biosafety Level 1 standards. These facilities enable 374Water to conduct rigorous testing on a broad array of waste streams and to validate the performance of the AirSCWO technology in both lab and commercial-scale applications. Such efforts ensure that the solutions offered are both robust and adaptable to a wide range of operating conditions, reinforcing the company’s reputation for technical excellence and innovative capacity.
Operational Implementation and Industry Recognition
374Water has successfully demonstrated its technology by integrating AirSCWO systems in high-capacity municipal wastewater treatment facilities. This practical implementation showcases the system’s ability to operate continuously under diverse conditions, manage complex waste profiles, and meet strict environmental compliance standards. The company is recognized for turning challenging waste disposal issues into opportunities for resource recovery and operational efficiency. Its work has garnered attention from regulators and industry experts alike, cementing its position as a trusted and forward-thinking entity in the waste treatment industry.
Summary
374Water Inc. stands at the intersection of cutting-edge technology and sustainable waste management. Its AirSCWO system represents a paradigm shift in how the industry approaches the treatment of organic and hazardous wastes, ensuring complete destruction of harmful contaminants, while also transforming waste into clean, reusable water and recoverable energy. With a diversified market focus and a commitment to scalable, efficient, and environmentally friendly solutions, 374Water is well-positioned to address global sanitation challenges and to contribute significantly to the circular economy. The company’s comprehensive approach holds promise for communities seeking reliable, innovative methods to manage industrial, municipal, and federal waste streams while mitigating environmental risks.
This detailed overview provides an in-depth look into the advanced operations, competitive advantages, and technological innovations that drive 374Water Inc. It serves as a definitive guide for those interested in understanding the mechanisms and benefits of a transformational approach to waste destruction and resource recovery.
374Water Inc (NASDAQ: SCWO) reported its Q4 and full year 2024 financial results, highlighting the progress of its AirSCWO waste destruction technology. The company generated revenue of $0.4 million in 2024, down from $0.7 million in 2023. Operating expenses increased 59% to $11.9 million, resulting in a net loss of $12.4 million compared to $8.1 million in 2023.
Key developments include the deployment of AirSCWO system at Orlando's Iron Bridge Water Reclamation Facility, with a second system scheduled for Orange County, CA in 2025. The company secured a contract from North Carolina to destroy AFFF containing PFAS, potentially expanding to 28,000 gallons. Cash position stood at $10.7 million as of December 31, 2024.
The company strengthened its leadership by appointing Russell Kline as CFO and Raj Melkote as CTO, while also completing a $12.2 million registered direct offering.
374Water Inc. (NASDAQ: SCWO) has secured a contract from the State of North Carolina for the destruction of Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF). The project is part of North Carolina's 60,000-gallon AFFF destruction initiative, representing one of the largest state-led PFAS disposal efforts.
The contract will be executed in two phases: Phase 1 involves treating 1,000 gallons of AFFF, with potential for an additional 28,000 gallons in Phase 2. The company's AirSCWO technology has demonstrated >99.99% destruction and removal efficiency for PFAS waste streams.
This initiative aligns with North Carolina's Responsible Firefighting Foam Management Act (H370) of the 2023-2024 Session and marks a significant step in addressing PFAS contamination. The company will provide Waste Destruction Services (WDS) to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Collaboratory as part of this effort.
374Water Inc. (NASDAQ: SCWO), a global waste destruction technology leader, has announced its participation in the Gabelli Funds' 11th Annual Waste, Recycling & Environmental Services Symposium on April 3rd, 2025, at The Harvard Club, New York City.
The company's management will engage in a Fireside Chat at 2:45 p.m. Eastern time and conduct one-on-one meetings with institutional investors throughout the event. The symposium will showcase presentations from industry-leading companies, focusing on industry dynamics, new technologies, and company fundamentals.
A live audio webcast will be available through the Gabelli website, and management will be available for in-person meetings in New York on April 2nd and 5th, 2025.
374Water Inc (NASDAQ: SCWO), a global leader in waste destruction technology, has scheduled its Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 financial results announcement for Thursday, March 27, 2025, after market close. The company will host a conference call at 4:30 p.m. Eastern time to discuss the results.
CEO Chris Gannon and CFO Russell Kline will lead the conference call, which will include a presentation and a Q&A session. The presentation will be accessible during the webcast and afterward through the company's investor relations website. A telephone replay will be available for approximately three hours after the call until April 10, 2025, with replay pin number: 13752175.
374Water Inc. (NASDAQ: SCWO) has successfully demonstrated its AirSCWO technology in eliminating PFAS from Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) impacted groundwater samples from the U.S. Navy. The demonstration, sponsored by the Navy Environmental Sustainability Development to Integration Program, showed complete elimination of PFAS to non-detect levels and achieved >99.9% Chemical Oxygen Demand removal.
The technology addresses the challenge of treating groundwater contaminated with both petroleum products (LNAPLs) and PFAS, which pose significant risks to public health. The AirSCWO process uses supercritical water oxidation, operating above 374°C and 221 bar, to destroy organic compounds through oxidation.
In testing, samples containing 2,087 ppt of PFAS were processed through the AirSCWO reactor. After homogenization with an aqueous carrier phase producing a 66.8 ppt PFAS concentration feedstock, the treatment resulted in non-detect levels for all 40 PFAS compounds tested via EPA Method 1633, with the process completing in 25 seconds or less.
374Water Inc (NASDAQ: SCWO), a global waste destruction technology leader, has appointed Raj Melkote as Chief Technology Officer. Melkote brings over 30 years of R&D and engineering executive experience, specializing in commercializing innovative industrial technology products.
Previously serving as CTO at BayoTech Hydrogen, Melkote led innovation in modular hydrogen solutions. His experience includes roles at Edwards Vacuum, where he implemented machine learning for predictive diagnostics, and positions at Brooks Automation, Honeywell, United Technologies, and General Electric.
In his new role, Melkote will lead 374Water's Engineering organization, focusing on scaling the business and enhancing their AirSCWO technology. The company aims to develop larger capacity systems to address waste destruction needs across municipal, federal, and industrial markets.
374Water Inc (NASDAQ: SCWO) has announced peer-reviewed preliminary data showing 99.9999% destruction efficiency of PFAS in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) using their AirSCWO technology. The findings were published in the National Ground Water Association Journals by Arcadis researchers.
AFFF, widely used in firefighting for flammable liquid and gas fires, contains PFAS which pose significant environmental and health risks. With the U.S. Department of Defense and European Union mandating transition to fluorine-free firefighting foams in 2024, 374Water's AirSCWO system is positioned as a potential large-scale solution for AFFF disposal.
The Arcadis study identifies four waste types at AFFF remediation sites: concentrate, rinsate solutions, cleaning agents, and contaminated solid wastes. Unlike traditional disposal methods such as landfilling that carry long-term liability, the AirSCWO technology offers permanent destruction of these hazardous materials, positioning the company to support growing demand across federal, municipal, and industrial markets.
374Water Inc (NASDAQ: SCWO) has announced an updated timeline for deploying its AirSCWO 6 System at Orange County Sanitation District Plant No. 1. The project includes system manufacturing completion in March 2025, Factory Acceptance Test in May 2025, and system delivery to Fountain Valley, California in May 2025.
OC San, which processes over 180 million gallons of wastewater daily serving 2.6 million people, currently transports 525 wet tons of biosolids daily to California and Arizona. The deployment is expected to generate approximately $1.3 Million in revenue from Q2 to Q4 2025.
374Water engineers will manage operations for the first six months, conducting a Controlled Performance Study and training OC San staff. After one year, OC San will evaluate upgrading to the larger AirSCWO 30 system and potentially installing up to five AirSCWO 200 systems at its Huntington Beach facility.
374Water Inc. (NASDAQ: SCWO) has announced its participation in a Department of Defense (DoD) project to demonstrate commercial-scale solutions for destroying PFAS contaminated wastes. The company will deploy its AirSCWO technology at Clean Earth's Detroit facility, in partnership with Arcadis and Clean Earth.
The project is a collaboration between the DoD Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) and the Defense Innovation Unit (DIU). The initiative aims to provide treatment options for DoD installations affected by PFAS, particularly following the U.S. National Defense Authorization Act mandate to transition to fluorine-free firefighting foams by October 2024.
374Water's AirSCWO technology has demonstrated >99.99% destruction of PFAS compounds within seconds in commercial-scale applications, including Aqueous Film-Forming Foam, Granular Activated Carbon, and other waste streams. The system converts hazardous waste into clean water, mineral by-products, and recoverable heat energy.
374Water Inc (NASDAQ:SCWO) has published a white paper demonstrating their AirSCWO system's effectiveness in destroying PFAS-laden ion exchange resin. The system consistently achieved >99.9% total PFAS elimination in both bench and commercial scale field trials.
The paper addresses the critical issue of disposing spent anion IX (AIX) resin containing PFAS 'forever chemicals,' which are synthetic substances linked to various health issues including thyroid disease, fertility problems, and cancer. Traditional disposal methods like landfilling or incineration can lead to environmental contamination.
The company's technology targets the growing spent media market, valued at $1.3 billion as of 2024. The AirSCWO system offers a solution that aligns with recent EPA regulatory requirements for drinking water and CERCLA, focusing on eliminating PFAS and other contaminants while producing safe dischargeable water streams, mineral effluent, vent gas, and recoverable heat energy.
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