Western Alliance Bancorporation Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2023 Financial Results

Rhea-AI Summary

Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) reported its fourth-quarter and full-year 2023 financial results. The company's net income was $147.9 million, with earnings per share of $1.33. The net interest margin was 3.65%, and the adjusted efficiency ratio was 59.1%. The company's stockholders' equity increased to $6.1 billion, and the tangible book value per share rose to $46.72. The company's CEO expressed confidence in the strong loan and deposit momentum, net interest income growth, and stable asset quality, positioning the company for leading profitability in 2024.

Positive

• Net income of $147.9 million and earnings per share of $1.33
• Net revenue of $682.2 million, a decrease of 4.7%
• Pre-provision net revenue1 of $220.3 million, down $69.7 million from $290.0 million
• Stockholders' equity of $6.1 billion, up $332 million
• Nonperforming assets (nonaccrual loans and repossessed assets) to total assets of 0.40%
• Net interest margin of 3.65%
• Tangible book value per share1, net of tax, of $46.72, an increase of 7.0% from $43.66
• Adjusted efficiency ratio1 of 59.1%, compared to 50.0%

Negative

• Net revenue decrease of 4.7%
• Earnings per share decrease of 32.6% from the previous year
• Increase in non-interest expenses of 40.3%

Insights

Financial Analyst

The reported net income and earnings per share (EPS) for Western Alliance Bancorporation reflect a notable decline both on a quarterly and annual basis. This contraction is indicative of pressure on the bank's profitability, which can be attributed to a combination of factors such as an increased provision for credit losses and a rise in non-interest expenses. The increase in the effective tax rate also suggests a reduced benefit from tax credits, which can impact net income.

From an operational standpoint, the growth in net interest income on a quarterly basis, despite a decrease year-over-year, suggests resilience in the bank's core revenue-generating activities. However, the net interest margin (NIM) compression points to challenges in maintaining interest income relative to the bank's interest-bearing liabilities, an issue many financial institutions are navigating in the current interest rate environment.

The bank's capital ratios, such as CET1 and tangible common equity ratio, remain robust, indicating a solid capital position. This is a critical factor for investor confidence, especially in uncertain economic conditions. The repayment of debt and borrowings, including the full loan from the Bank Term Funding Program, is a positive signal of the bank's liquidity management and balance sheet strength.

Market Research Analyst

Western Alliance Bancorporation's performance metrics, such as the adjusted efficiency ratio, have deteriorated, suggesting higher costs relative to revenue. This could be a concern for investors as it may signal inefficiencies or rising operational costs that could affect future profitability. The banking sector is highly competitive and efficiency ratios are often scrutinized to assess operational effectiveness.

The loan portfolio composition changes, with an increase in commercial and industrial loans and construction and land development loans, reflect the bank's strategic focus areas. However, the overall decrease in Held for Investment (HFI) loans year-over-year indicates a rebalancing of the bank's asset portfolio, which may be a response to market conditions or risk management strategies.

Deposit growth, particularly in interest-bearing accounts, is a positive sign of customer trust and deposit base stability. However, the shift from non-interest bearing to interest-bearing deposits can pressure the bank's net interest margin, as these typically carry higher costs.

Economist

The economic context in which these financial results are presented includes rising interest rates and a potentially cooling economy. The bank's provision for credit losses, which has seen an increase from the previous year, may be a proactive measure in anticipation of economic headwinds. This provision reflects management's expectations for potential loan defaults and is a direct response to the economic outlook.

The increase in nonperforming assets and classified assets is a critical indicator of asset quality deterioration, which could be symptomatic of broader economic challenges faced by borrowers. Monitoring these metrics is crucial for understanding the risk profile of the bank's loan portfolio and anticipating potential impacts on financial stability.

The financial results also show an increased reliance on interest-bearing deposits and borrowings, which may be a strategic response to liquidity needs in a tighter monetary environment. The bank's ability to navigate these conditions while maintaining strong capital and liquidity levels will be essential for its long-term success.

PHOENIX--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Western Alliance Bancorporation (NYSE:WAL):

FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2023 FINANCIAL RESULTS

Quarter Highlights:
Net income		Earnings per share		PPNR1		Net interest margin		Adjusted efficiency ratio1		Book value per common share
$147.9 million		$1.33		$220.3 million		3.65%		59.1%		$52.81
		$1.911, excluding notable items								$46.721, excluding goodwill and intangibles

CEO COMMENTARY:

“Western Alliance’s diversified, national commercial business strategy continued to drive strong momentum in the fourth quarter as we generated earnings per share of $1.911, excluding $0.58 of notable items. We view this quarter’s solid loan and deposit momentum, continued net interest income growth, and sustained stable asset quality as positioning us to deliver leading profitability in 2024, supported by sturdy capital and liquidity levels,” said Kenneth A. Vecchione, President and Chief Executive Officer. “CET1 capital reached 10.8% at year-end, and tangible book value per share rose 16% year-over-year to $46.721. Additionally, our strong deposit growth allowed us to repay $1.5 billion of debt and borrowings, including our entire loan from the Bank Term Funding Program. As we turn the page on 2023, we are encouraged by how our employees responded to the year’s challenges as well as the ongoing trust placed in us by our customers and shareholders.”

LINKED-QUARTER BASIS	FULL YEAR
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS:
Net income of $147.9 million and earnings per share of $1.33, compared to $216.6 million and $1.97, respectively Net revenue of $682.2 million, a decrease of 4.7%, or $34.0 million, compared to an increase in non-interest expenses of 8.4%, or $35.7 million Pre-provision net revenue1 of $220.3 million, down $69.7 million from $290.0 million Effective tax rate of 29.9%, compared to 22.1%	Net income of $722.4 million and earnings per share of $6.54, down 31.7% and 32.6%, from $1.1 billion and $9.70, respectively Net revenue of $2.6 billion, an increase of 3.1%, or $78.7 million, compared to an increase in non-interest expenses of 40.3%, or $466.7 million Pre-provision net revenue1 of $996.2 million, down $388.0 million from $1.4 billion Effective tax rate of 22.6%, compared to 19.7%
FINANCIAL POSITION RESULTS:
HFI loans of $50.3 billion, up $850 million, or 1.7%. Total deposits of $55.3 billion, up $1.0 billion, or 1.9% Stockholders' equity of $6.1 billion, up $332 million	Decrease in HFI loans of $1.6 billion, or 3.0% Increase in total deposits of $1.7 billion, or 3.1% Increase in stockholders' equity of $722 million
LOANS AND ASSET QUALITY:
Nonperforming assets (nonaccrual loans and repossessed assets) to total assets of 0.40%, compared to 0.35% Annualized net loan charge-offs to average loans outstanding of 0.07%, flat from the prior quarter	Nonperforming assets to total assets of 0.40%, compared to 0.14% Net loan charge-offs to average loans outstanding of 0.06%, compared to approximately 0.00%
KEY PERFORMANCE METRICS:
Net interest margin of 3.65% decreased from 3.67% Return on average assets and on tangible common equity1 of 0.84% and 11.9%, compared to 1.24% and 17.3%, respectively Tangible common equity ratio1 of 7.3%, compared to 6.8% CET 1 ratio of 10.8% increased from 10.6% Tangible book value per share1, net of tax, of $46.72, an increase of 7.0% from $43.66 Adjusted efficiency ratio1 of 59.1%, compared to 50.0%	Net interest margin of 3.63% decreased from 3.67% Return on average assets and on tangible common equity1 of 1.03% and 14.9%, compared to 1.62% and 25.4%, respectively Tangible common equity ratio1 of 7.3% increased from 6.5% CET 1 ratio of 10.8% increased from 9.3% Tangible book value per share1, net of tax, of $46.72, an increase of 16.1% from $40.25 Adjusted efficiency ratio1 of 53.5%, compared to 41.1%

1

See reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

Income Statement

Net interest income totaled $591.7 million in the fourth quarter 2023, an increase of $4.7 million, or 0.8%, from $587.0 million in the third quarter 2023, and a decrease of $48.0 million, or 7.5%, compared to the fourth quarter 2022. The increase in net interest income from the third quarter 2023 is due to an increase in average HFI loan and securities balances combined with a decrease in average short-term borrowings, and was partially offset by an increase in deposit balances and rates. The decrease in net interest income from the fourth quarter 2022 was driven by an increase in both the balances and rates of deposits and short-term borrowings, partially offset by higher yields on HFI loans.

The Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $9.3 million in the fourth quarter 2023, a decrease of $2.8 million from $12.1 million in the third quarter 2023, and an increase of $6.2 million from $3.1 million in the fourth quarter 2022. The decrease in provision for credit losses during the fourth quarter 2023 is primarily due to improvement in the macroeconomic outlook and stable asset quality.

The Company’s net interest margin in the fourth quarter 2023 was 3.65%, a decrease from 3.67% in the third quarter 2023, and a decrease from 3.98% in the fourth quarter 2022. An increase in deposit balances and rates drove a decrease in net interest margin from the third quarter 2023, with higher average HFI loan and securities balances partially offsetting this decrease. The decrease in net interest margin from the fourth quarter 2022 was driven by higher average balances and rates on deposits and short-term borrowings.

Non-interest income was $90.5 million for the fourth quarter 2023, compared to $129.2 million for the third quarter 2023, and $61.5 million for the fourth quarter 2022. The $38.7 million decrease in non-interest income for the third quarter 2023 was due to a decrease in fair value gain adjustments of $16.5 million and a $14.8 million loss on sale of securities in the fourth quarter compared to a gain of $0.1 million in the third quarter, combined with an $18.1 million decrease in net loan servicing revenue due to losses on MSR sales and fair value changes, partially offset by higher servicing income, and a $4.2 million decrease in net gain on loan origination and sale activities from lower spreads. These decreases were offset by a $12.6 million increase in income from equity investments. The $29.0 million increase in non-interest income from the fourth quarter 2022 was driven by a higher net gain on loan origination and sale activities, service charges and fees, and fair value gain adjustments.

Net revenue totaled $682.2 million for the fourth quarter 2023, a decrease of $34.0 million or 4.7%, compared to $716.2 million for the third quarter 2023, and a decrease of $19.0 million or 2.7%, compared to $701.2 million for the fourth quarter 2022.

Non-interest expense was $461.9 million for the fourth quarter 2023, compared to $426.2 million for the third quarter 2023, and $333.4 million for the fourth quarter 2022. The Company’s adjusted efficiency ratio¹ was 59.1% for the fourth quarter 2023, compared to 50.0% in the third quarter 2023, and 40.0% for the fourth quarter 2022. The increase in non-interest expense from the third quarter 2023 is due primarily to increased insurance costs largely related to the FDIC special assessment, partially offset by a gain on debt extinguishment related to the early payoff of the AmeriHome senior notes. The increase in non-interest expense from the fourth quarter 2022 is primarily attributable to an increase in insurance and deposit costs.

Income tax expense was $63.1 million for the fourth quarter 2023, compared to $61.3 million for the third quarter 2023, and $71.7 million for the fourth quarter 2022. The increase in income tax expense from the third quarter 2023 is primarily related to a higher effective tax rate resulting from lower utilization of tax credits due to timing of projects being placed in service, the AOCI impact of AFS securities gains during the quarter, and discrete nondeductible items.

Net income was $147.9 million for the fourth quarter 2023, a decrease of $68.7 million from $216.6 million for the third quarter 2023, and a decrease of $145.1 million from $293.0 million for the fourth quarter 2022. Earnings per share totaled $1.33 for the fourth quarter 2023, compared to $1.97 for the third quarter 2023, and $2.67 for the fourth quarter 2022. Earnings per share, excluding notable items¹, totaled $1.91 for the fourth quarter 2023. The Company views its earnings per share, excluding notable items¹ as a key metric for assessing the Company’s earnings power.

The Company views its pre-provision net revenue¹ ("PPNR") as a key metric for assessing the Company’s earnings power, which it defines as net revenue less non-interest expense. For the fourth quarter 2023, the Company’s PPNR¹ was $220.3 million, down $69.7 million from $290.0 million in the third quarter 2023, and down $147.5 million from $367.8 million in the fourth quarter 2022.

The Company had 3,260 full-time equivalent employees and 57 offices at December 31, 2023, compared to 3,272 employees and 56 offices at September 30, 2023, and 3,365 employees and 56 offices at December 31, 2022.

1

See reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

Balance Sheet

HFI loans, net of deferred fees totaled $50.3 billion at December 31, 2023, compared to $49.4 billion at September 30, 2023, and $51.9 billion at December 31, 2022. The increase in HFI loans of $850 million from the prior quarter was driven by an increase of $759 million in commercial and industrial loans and $220 million in construction and land development loans. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in CRE non-owner occupied loans of $160 million. The decrease in HFI loans of $1.6 billion from December 31, 2022 was driven by a $1.6 billion decrease in commercial and industrial loans and a $1.2 billion decrease in residential real estate loans, resulting from loan dispositions undertaken as part of the Company's balance sheet repositioning strategy. This decrease was partially offset by increases in construction and land development loans and CRE non-owner occupied of $876 million and $331 million, respectively. HFS loans totaled $1.4 billion at December 31, 2023, compared to $1.8 billion at September 30, 2023, and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2022. The balance of HFS loans at December 31, 2023 primarily consisted of AmeriHome HFS loans, consistent with the balance at December 31, 2022 and prior periods. The decrease of $364 million in HFS loans from the prior quarter is primarily related to loan sales. The increase of $218 million in HFS loans from December 31, 2022 primarily related to an increase in agency conforming loans.

The Company's allowance for credit losses on HFI loans consists of an allowance for funded HFI loans and an allowance for unfunded loan commitments. At December 31, 2023, the allowance for loan losses to funded HFI loans ratio was 0.67%, compared to 0.66% at September 30, 2023, and 0.60% at December 31, 2022. The allowance for credit losses, which includes the allowance for unfunded loan commitments, to funded HFI loans ratio was 0.73% at December 31, 2023, compared to 0.74% at September 30, 2023, and 0.69% at December 31, 2022. The Company is a party to credit linked note transactions, which effectively transfer a portion of the risk of losses on reference pools of loans to the purchasers of the notes. The Company is protected from first credit losses on reference pools of loans totaling $9.1 billion, $9.3 billion, and $12.0 billion as of December 31, 2023, September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively, under these transactions. However, as these note transactions are considered to be free standing credit enhancements, the allowance for credit losses cannot be reduced by the expected credit losses that may be mitigated by these notes. Accordingly, the allowance for loan and credit losses ratios include an allowance of $14.7 million as of December 31, 2023, $17.4 million as of September 30, 2023, and $18.5 million as of December 31, 2022, related to these pools of loans. The allowance for credit losses to funded HFI loans ratio, adjusted to reduce the HFI loan balance by the amount of loans in covered reference pools, was 0.89% at December 31, 2023, 0.91% at September 30, 2023, and 0.89% at December 31, 2022.

Deposits totaled $55.3 billion at December 31, 2023, an increase of $1.0 billion from $54.3 billion at September 30, 2023, and an increase of $1.7 billion from $53.6 billion at December 31, 2022. By deposit type, the increase from the prior quarter is attributable to increases of $3.1 billion from interest-bearing demand deposits and $1.3 billion from certificates of deposits, offset by a decrease of $3.5 billion from non-interest bearing demand deposits. From December 31, 2022, interest-bearing demand deposits and certificates of deposit increased $6.4 billion and $5.1 billion, respectively. These increases were partially offset by decreases in non-interest bearing demand deposits and savings and money market accounts of $5.2 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively. Non-interest bearing deposits were $14.5 billion at December 31, 2023, compared to $18.0 billion at September 30, 2023, and $19.7 billion at December 31, 2022.

The table below shows the Company's deposit types as a percentage of total deposits:

		Dec 31, 2023			Sep 30, 2023			Dec 31, 2022
Non-interest bearing		26.2	%		33.1	%		36.7	%
Savings and money market		26.7			27.0			36.2
Interest-bearing demand		28.8			23.7			17.7
Certificates of deposit		18.3			16.2			9.4

The Company’s ratio of HFI loans to deposits was 90.9% at December 31, 2023, compared to 91.1% at September 30, 2023, and 96.7% at December 31, 2022.

Borrowings were $7.2 billion at December 31, 2023, $8.7 billion at September 30, 2023, and $6.3 billion at December 31, 2022. Borrowings decreased $1.5 billion from September 30, 2023 due to payoff of the Bank Term Funding Program advances and the AmeriHome senior notes. The increase in borrowings from December 31, 2022 is due primarily to an increase in short-term borrowings of $1.8 billion, partially offset by payoffs of credit linked notes and the AmeriHome senior notes.

Qualifying debt totaled $895 million at December 31, 2023, compared to $890 million at September 30, 2023, and $893 million at December 31, 2022.

Stockholders’ equity was $6.1 billion at December 31, 2023, compared to $5.7 billion at September 30, 2023 and $5.4 billion at December 31, 2022. The increase in stockholders’ equity from the prior quarter was due to net income and unrealized fair value gains of $222 million on the Company's available-for-sale securities, which are recorded in other comprehensive loss, net of tax. These increases were partially offset by dividends to shareholders. Cash dividends of $40.5 million ($0.37 per common share) and $3.2 million ($0.27 per depository share) were paid to shareholders during the fourth quarter 2023. The increase in stockholders' equity from December 31, 2022 is primarily a function of net income, partially offset by dividends to shareholders.

At December 31, 2023, tangible common equity, net of tax¹, was 7.3% of tangible assets¹ and total capital was 13.7% of risk-weighted assets. The Company’s tangible book value per share¹ was $46.72 at December 31, 2023, an increase of 7.0% from $43.66 at September 30, 2023, and up 16.1% from $40.25 at December 31, 2022. The increase in tangible book value per share from September 30, 2023 is attributable to net income.

Total assets remained flat from September 30, 2023 to December 31, 2023 at $70.9 billion, and increased 4.6% from $67.7 billion at December 31, 2022. The slight decrease in total assets from September 30, 2023 was driven by a decrease in cash and HFS loans, offset by an increase in investment securities. The increase in total assets from December 31, 2022 was driven by an increase in investments, cash, and HFS loans, partially offset by a decrease in HFI loans.

1

See reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

Asset Quality

Provision for credit losses totaled $9.3 million for the fourth quarter 2023, compared to $12.1 million for the third quarter 2023, and $3.1 million for the fourth quarter 2022. Net loan charge-offs in the fourth quarter 2023 were $8.5 million, or 0.07% of average loans (annualized), compared to $8.0 million, or 0.07%, in the third quarter 2023, and $1.8 million, or 0.01%, in the fourth quarter 2022.

Nonaccrual loans increased $36 million to $273 million during the quarter and increased $188 million from December 31, 2022. Loans past due 90 days and still accruing interest totaled $42 million at December 31, 2023 and zero at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (excluding government guaranteed loans of $399 million, $439 million, and $582 million, respectively). Loans past due 30-89 days and still accruing interest totaled $164 million at December 31, 2023, a decrease from $189 million at September 30, 2023, and an increase from $70 million at December 31, 2022 (excluding government guaranteed loans of $279 million, $261 million, and $334 million, respectively).

Repossessed assets totaled $8 million at December 31, 2023, flat from September 30, 2023, and a decrease of $3 million from December 31, 2022. Classified assets totaled $673 million at December 31, 2023, an increase of $34 million from $639 million at September 30, 2023, and an increase of $280 million from $393 million at December 31, 2022.

The ratio of classified assets to Tier 1 capital plus the allowance for credit losses, a common regulatory measure of asset quality, was 10.5% at December 31, 2023, compared to 10.2% at September 30, 2023, and 6.8% at December 31, 2022.

1

See reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

Segment Highlights

The Company's reportable segments are aggregated with a focus on products and services offered and consist of three reportable segments:

–		Commercial segment: provides commercial banking and treasury management products and services to small and middle-market businesses, specialized banking services to sophisticated commercial institutions and investors within niche industries, as well as financial services to the real estate industry.
–		Consumer Related segment: offers both commercial banking services to enterprises in consumer-related sectors and consumer banking services, such as residential mortgage banking.
–		Corporate & Other segment: consists of the Company's investment portfolio, Corporate borrowings and other related items, income and expense items not allocated to our other reportable segments, and inter-segment eliminations.

Key management metrics for evaluating the performance of the Company's Commercial and Consumer Related segments include loan and deposit growth, asset quality, and pre-tax income.

The Commercial segment reported an HFI loan balance of $29.1 billion at December 31, 2023, an increase of $416 million during the quarter, and a decrease of $2.3 billion during the year. Deposits for the Commercial segment totaled $23.9 billion at December 31, 2023, an increase of $1.3 billion during the quarter, and a decrease of $5.6 billion during the year.

Pre-tax income for the Commercial segment was $168.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $27.7 million from the three months ended September 30, 2023, and a decrease of $152.1 million from the three months ended December 31, 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Commercial segment reported total pre-tax income of $745.2 million, a decrease of $350.1 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Consumer Related segment reported an HFI loan balance of $21.2 billion at December 31, 2023, an increase of $434 million during the quarter, and an increase of $713 million during the year. The Consumer Related segment also has loans held for sale of $1.4 billion at December 31, 2023, a decrease of $364 million during the quarter, and an increase of $218 million during the year. Deposits for the Consumer Related segment totaled $24.9 billion, a decrease of $169 million during the quarter, and an increase of $6.4 billion during the year.

Pre-tax income for the Consumer Related segment was $75.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $6.7 million from the three months ended September 30, 2023, and an increase of $5.8 million from the three months ended December 31, 2022. Pre-tax income for the Consumer Related segment for the year ended December 31, 2023 totaled $258.0 million, a decrease of $192.1 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2022.

Conference Call and Webcast

Western Alliance Bancorporation will host a conference call and live webcast to discuss its fourth quarter and full year 2023 financial results at 12:00 p.m. ET on Friday, January 26, 2024. Participants may access the call by dialing 1-833-470-1428 and using access code 941447 or via live audio webcast using the website link https://events.q4inc.com/attendee/536267609. The webcast is also available via the Company’s website at www.westernalliancebancorporation.com. Participants should log in at least 15 minutes early to receive instructions. The call will be recorded and made available for replay after 3:00 p.m. ET January 26th through 11:00 p.m. ET February 26th by dialing 1-866-813-9403, using access code 690232.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the Consolidated Income Statements for the prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. The reclassifications have no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity as previously reported.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information

This press release contains both financial measures based on GAAP and non-GAAP based financial measures, which are used where management believes them to be helpful in understanding the Company’s results of operations or financial position. Where non-GAAP financial measures are used, the comparable GAAP financial measure, as well as the reconciliation to the comparable GAAP financial measure, can be found in this press release. These disclosures should not be viewed as a substitute for operating results determined in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This release contains forward-looking statements that relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our expectations with regard to our business, financial and operating results, future economic performance and dividends. The forward-looking statements contained herein reflect our current views about future events and financial performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and changes in circumstances that may cause our actual results to differ significantly from historical results and those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Some factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical or expected results include, among others: the risk factors discussed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the Company's subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, each as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission; adverse developments in the financial services industry generally such as the bank failures in 2023 and any related impact on depositor behavior; risks related to the sufficiency of liquidity; the potential adverse effects of unusual and infrequently occurring events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and any governmental or societal responses thereto; changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or locally in the areas in which we conduct or will conduct our business; the impact on financial markets from geopolitical conflicts such as the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East; inflation, interest rate, market and monetary fluctuations; increases in competitive pressures among financial institutions and businesses offering similar products and services; higher defaults on our loan portfolio than we expect; changes in management’s estimate of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses; legislative or regulatory changes or changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines; supervisory actions by regulatory agencies which may limit our ability to pursue certain growth opportunities, including expansion through acquisitions; additional regulatory requirements resulting from our continued growth; management’s estimates and projections of interest rates and interest rate policy; the execution of our business plan; and other factors affecting the financial services industry generally or the banking industry in particular.

Any forward-looking statement made by us in this release is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We do not intend and disclaim any duty or obligation to update or revise any industry information or forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, set forth in this press release to reflect new information, future events or otherwise.

About Western Alliance Bancorporation

With more than $70 billion in assets, Western Alliance Bancorporation (NYSE:WAL) is one of the country’s top-performing banking companies. Through its primary subsidiary, Western Alliance Bank, Member FDIC, clients benefit from a full spectrum of tailored commercial banking solutions and consumer products, all delivered with outstanding service by industry experts who put customers first. Major accolades include being ranked as a top U.S. bank in 2023 by American Banker and Bank Director. Serving clients across the country wherever business happens, Western Alliance Bank operates individual, full-service banking and financial brands with offices in key markets nationwide. For more information, visit westernalliancebank.com.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Summary Consolidated Financial Data
Unaudited
Selected Balance Sheet Data:
											As of December 31,
											2023			2022			Change %
											(in millions)
Total assets											$	70,862		$	67,734		4.6	%
Loans held for sale												1,402			1,184		18.4
HFI loans, net of deferred fees												50,297			51,862		(3.0	)
Investment securities												12,993			8,760		48.3
Total deposits												55,333			53,644		3.1
Borrowings												7,230			6,299		14.8
Qualifying debt												895			893		0.2
Stockholders' equity												6,078			5,356		13.5
Tangible common equity, net of tax (1)												5,116			4,383		16.7
Common equity Tier 1 capital												5,659			5,073		11.6
Selected Income Statement Data:
		For the Three Months Ended December 31,									For the Year Ended December 31,
		2023			2022			Change %			2023			2022			Change %
		(in millions, except per share data)									(in millions, except per share data)
Interest income		$	1,039.0		$	888.3		17.0	%		$	4,035.3		$	2,691.8		49.9	%
Interest expense			447.3			248.6		79.9				1,696.4			475.5		NM
Net interest income			591.7			639.7		(7.5	)			2,338.9			2,216.3		5.5
Provision for credit losses			9.3			3.1		NM				62.6			68.1		(8.1	)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses			582.4			636.6		(8.5	)			2,276.3			2,148.2		6.0
Non-interest income			90.5			61.5		47.2				280.7			324.6		(13.5	)
Non-interest expense			461.9			333.4		38.5				1,623.4			1,156.7		40.3
Income before income taxes			211.0			364.7		(42.1	)			933.6			1,316.1		(29.1	)
Income tax expense			63.1			71.7		(12.0	)			211.2			258.8		(18.4	)
Net income			147.9			293.0		(49.5	)			722.4			1,057.3		(31.7	)
Dividends on preferred stock			3.2			3.2		—				12.8			12.8		—
Net income available to common stockholders		$	144.7		$	289.8		(50.1	)		$	709.6		$	1,044.5		(32.1	)
Diluted earnings per common share		$	1.33		$	2.67		(50.2	)		$	6.54		$	9.70		(32.6	)

(1)		See Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.
NM		Changes +/- 100% are not meaningful.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Summary Consolidated Financial Data
Unaudited
Common Share Data:
		At or For the Three Months Ended December 31,									For the Year Ended December 31,
		2023			2022			Change %			2023			2022			Change %
Diluted earnings per common share		$	1.33		$	2.67		(50.2	)%		$	6.54		$	9.70		(32.6	)%
Book value per common share			52.81			46.47		13.6
Tangible book value per common share, net of tax (1)			46.72			40.25		16.1
Average common shares outstanding (in millions):
Basic			108.4			108.0		0.3				108.3			107.2		1.0
Diluted			108.7			108.4		0.3				108.5			107.6		0.8
Common shares outstanding			109.5			108.9		0.5

Selected Performance Ratios:
Return on average assets (2)		0.84	%		1.67	%		(49.7	)%		1.03	%		1.62	%		(36.4	)%
Return on average tangible common equity (1, 2)		11.9			27.0			(55.9	)		14.9			25.4			(41.3	)
Net interest margin (2)		3.65			3.98			(8.3	)		3.63			3.67			(1.1	)
Efficiency ratio, adjusted for deposit costs (1)		59.1			40.0			47.8			53.5			41.1			30.2
HFI loan to deposit ratio		90.9			96.7			(6.0	)
Asset Quality Ratios:
Net charge-offs to average loans outstanding (2)		0.07	%		0.01	%		NM			0.06	%		0.00	%		NM
Nonaccrual loans to funded HFI loans		0.54			0.16			NM
Nonaccrual loans and repossessed assets to total assets		0.40			0.14			NM
Allowance for loan losses to funded HFI loans		0.67			0.60			11.7
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual HFI loans		123			364			(66.2	)

Capital Ratios:
		Dec 31, 2023			Sep 30, 2023			Dec 31, 2022
Tangible common equity (1)		7.3	%		6.8	%		6.5	%
Common Equity Tier 1 (3)		10.8			10.6			9.3
Tier 1 Leverage ratio (3)		8.6			8.5			7.8
Tier 1 Capital (3)		11.5			11.3			10.0
Total Capital (3)		13.7			13.5			12.1

(1)		See Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.
(2)		Annualized on an actual/actual basis for periods less than 12 months.
(3)		Capital ratios for December 31, 2023 are preliminary.
NM		Changes +/- 100% are not meaningful.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Income Statements
Unaudited
		Three Months Ended December 31,								Year Ended December 31,
			2023				2022				2023				2022
		(dollars in millions, except per share data)
Interest income:
Loans		$	859.0			$	785.1			$	3,409.7			$	2,393.4
Investment securities			136.2				89.4				467.5				272.6
Other			43.8				13.8				158.1				25.8
Total interest income			1,039.0				888.3				4,035.3				2,691.8
Interest expense:
Deposits			343.7				157.6				1,142.6				276.4
Qualifying debt			9.6				9.1				37.9				35.0
Borrowings			94.0				81.9				515.9				164.1
Total interest expense			447.3				248.6				1,696.4				475.5
Net interest income			591.7				639.7				2,338.9				2,216.3
Provision for credit losses			9.3				3.1				62.6				68.1
Net interest income after provision for credit losses			582.4				636.6				2,276.3				2,148.2
Non-interest income:
Net gain on loan origination and sale activities			47.8				25.4				193.5				104.0
Service charges and fees			22.7				5.9				76.3				27.0
Income from equity investments			13.1				4.2				15.7				17.8
Net loan servicing revenue			9.1				21.4				102.3				130.9
Commercial banking related income			5.9				5.5				23.7				21.5
(Loss) gain on recovery from credit guarantees			(2.7	)			3.0				(2.2	)			14.7
(Loss) gain on sales of investment securities			(14.8	)			0.1				(40.8	)			6.8
Fair value gain (loss) adjustments, net			1.3				(9.2	)			(116.0	)			(28.6	)
Other			8.1				5.2				28.2				30.5
Total non-interest income			90.5				61.5				280.7				324.6
Non-interest expenses:
Salaries and employee benefits			134.6				125.7				566.3				539.5
Deposit costs			131.0				82.2				436.7				165.8
Insurance			108.6				8.9				190.4				31.1
Data processing			33.1				23.9				122.0				83.0
Legal, professional, and directors' fees			29.4				26.0				107.2				99.9
Occupancy			16.9				15.8				65.6				55.5
Loan servicing expenses			14.7				14.8				58.8				55.5
Business development and marketing			6.7				7.3				21.8				22.1
Loan acquisition and origination expenses			4.8				4.4				20.4				23.1
Net loss (gain) on sales and valuations of repossessed and other assets			0.3				(0.3	)			3.0				(0.7	)
Gain on extinguishment of debt			(39.3	)			—				(52.7	)			—
Other			21.1				24.7				83.9				81.9
Total non-interest expense			461.9				333.4				1,623.4				1,156.7
Income before income taxes			211.0				364.7				933.6				1,316.1
Income tax expense			63.1				71.7				211.2				258.8
Net income			147.9				293.0				722.4				1,057.3
Dividends on preferred stock			3.2				3.2				12.8				12.8
Net income available to common stockholders		$	144.7			$	289.8			$	709.6			$	1,044.5
Earnings per common share:
Diluted shares			108.7				108.4				108.5				107.6
Diluted earnings per share		$	1.33			$	2.67			$	6.54			$	9.70

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Five Quarter Condensed Consolidated Income Statements
Unaudited
		Three Months Ended
		Dec 31, 2023				Sep 30, 2023				Jun 30, 2023				Mar 31, 2023				Dec 31, 2022
		(in millions, except per share data)
Interest income:
Loans		$	859.0			$	860.8			$	857.2			$	832.7			$	785.1
Investment securities			136.2				122.8				112.4				96.1				89.4
Other			43.8				43.0				31.2				40.1				13.8
Total interest income			1,039.0				1,026.6				1,000.8				968.9				888.3
Interest expense:
Deposits			343.7				316.2				251.1				231.6				157.6
Qualifying debt			9.6				9.5				9.5				9.3				9.1
Borrowings			94.0				113.9				189.9				118.1				81.9
Total interest expense			447.3				439.6				450.5				359.0				248.6
Net interest income			591.7				587.0				550.3				609.9				639.7
Provision for credit losses			9.3				12.1				21.8				19.4				3.1
Net interest income after provision for credit losses			582.4				574.9				528.5				590.5				636.6
Non-interest income:
Net gain on loan origination and sale activities			47.8				52.0				62.3				31.4				25.4
Service charges and fees			22.7				23.3				20.8				9.5				5.9
Income from equity investments			13.1				0.5				0.7				1.4				4.2
Net loan servicing revenue			9.1				27.2				24.1				41.9				21.4
Commercial banking related income			5.9				5.6				6.0				6.2				5.5
(Loss) gain on recovery from credit guarantees			(2.7	)			(4.0	)			1.2				3.3				3.0
(Loss) gain on sales of investment securities			(14.8	)			0.1				(13.6	)			(12.5	)			0.1
Fair value gain (loss) adjustments, net			1.3				17.8				12.7				(147.8	)			(9.2	)
Other			8.1				6.7				4.8				8.6				5.2
Total non-interest income			90.5				129.2				119.0				(58.0	)			61.5
Non-interest expenses:
Salaries and employee benefits			134.6				137.2				145.6				148.9				125.7
Deposit costs			131.0				127.8				91.0				86.9				82.2
Insurance			108.6				33.1				33.0				15.7				8.9
Data processing			33.1				33.9				28.6				26.4				23.9
Legal, professional, and directors' fees			29.4				28.3				26.4				23.1				26.0
Occupancy			16.9				16.8				15.4				16.5				15.8
Loan servicing expenses			14.7				11.9				18.4				13.8				14.8
Business development and marketing			6.7				4.9				5.0				5.2				7.3
Loan acquisition and origination expenses			4.8				5.6				5.6				4.4				4.4
Net loss (gain) on sales and valuations of repossessed and other assets			0.3				2.2				0.5				0.0				(0.3	)
Gain on extinguishment of debt			(39.3	)			—				(0.7	)			(12.7	)			—
Other			21.1				24.5				18.6				19.7				24.7
Total non-interest expense			461.9				426.2				387.4				347.9				333.4
Income before income taxes			211.0				277.9				260.1				184.6				364.7
Income tax expense			63.1				61.3				44.4				42.4				71.7
Net income			147.9				216.6				215.7				142.2				293.0
Dividends on preferred stock			3.2				3.2				3.2				3.2				3.2
Net income available to common stockholders		$	144.7			$	213.4			$	212.5			$	139.0			$	289.8
Earnings per common share:
Diluted shares			108.7				108.5				108.3				108.3				108.4
Diluted earnings per share		$	1.33			$	1.97			$	1.96			$	1.28			$	2.67

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Five Quarter Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
Unaudited
		Dec 31, 2023				Sep 30, 2023				Jun 30, 2023				Mar 31, 2023				Dec 31, 2022
		(in millions)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks		$	1,576			$	3,497			$	2,153			$	3,639			$	1,043
Investment securities			12,993				11,423				10,374				9,493				8,760
Loans held for sale			1,402				1,766				3,156				7,022				1,184
Loans held for investment:
Commercial and industrial			19,103				18,344				16,657				15,503				20,710
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied			9,650				9,810				9,913				9,617				9,319
Commercial real estate - owner occupied			1,810				1,771				1,805				1,809				1,818
Construction and land development			4,889				4,669				4,428				4,407				4,013
Residential real estate			14,778				14,779				15,000				15,024				15,928
Consumer			67				74				72				75				74
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees			50,297				49,447				47,875				46,435				51,862
Allowance for loan losses			(337	)			(327	)			(321	)			(305	)			(310	)
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and allowance			49,960				49,120				47,554				46,130				51,552
Mortgage servicing rights			1,124				1,233				1,007				910				1,148
Premises and equipment, net			339				327				315				293				276
Operating lease right-of-use asset			145				150				151				156				163
Other assets acquired through foreclosure, net			8				8				11				11				11
Bank owned life insurance			186				184				184				183				182
Goodwill and other intangibles, net			669				672				674				677				680
Other assets			2,460				2,511				2,581				2,533				2,735
Total assets		$	70,862			$	70,891			$	68,160			$	71,047			$	67,734
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Liabilities:
Deposits
Non-interest bearing demand deposits		$	14,520			$	17,991			$	16,733			$	16,465			$	19,691
Interest bearing:
Demand			15,916				12,843				12,646				10,719				9,507
Savings and money market			14,791				14,672				13,085				13,845				19,397
Certificates of deposit			10,106				8,781				8,577				6,558				5,049
Total deposits			55,333				54,287				51,041				47,587				53,644
Borrowings			7,230				8,745				9,567				15,853				6,299
Qualifying debt			895				890				888				895				893
Operating lease liability			179				180				179				184				185
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities			1,147				1,043				800				1,007				1,357
Total liabilities			64,784				65,145				62,475				65,526				62,378
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock			295				295				295				295				295
Common stock and additional paid-in capital			2,081				2,073				2,064				2,054				2,058
Retained earnings			4,215				4,111				3,937				3,764				3,664
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			(513	)			(733	)			(611	)			(592	)			(661	)
Total stockholders' equity			6,078				5,746				5,685				5,521				5,356
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	70,862			$	70,891			$	68,160			$	71,047			$	67,734

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Changes in the Allowance For Credit Losses on Loans
Unaudited
		Three Months Ended
		Dec 31, 2023				Sep 30, 2023				Jun 30, 2023				Mar 31, 2023				Dec 31, 2022
		(in millions)
Allowance for loan losses
Balance, beginning of period		$	327.4			$	321.1			$	304.7			$	309.7			$	304.1
Provision for credit losses (1)			17.8				14.3				23.8				1.0				7.4
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:
Commercial and industrial			0.7				0.4				0.7				3.2				0.3
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied			—				—				—				—				—
Commercial real estate - owner occupied			0.1				—				—				—				0.1
Construction and land development			—				—				—				—				—
Residential real estate			—				0.1				—				—				—
Consumer			—				—				0.1				—				—
Total recoveries			0.8				0.5				0.8				3.2				0.4
Loans charged-off:
Commercial and industrial			9.3				5.5				6.0				9.1				1.1
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied			—				3.0				2.2				—				—
Commercial real estate - owner occupied			—				—				—				—				0.5
Construction and land development			—				—				—				—				0.6
Residential real estate			—				—				—				—				—
Consumer			—				—				—				0.1				—
Total loans charged-off			9.3				8.5				8.2				9.2				2.2
Net loan charge-offs			8.5				8.0				7.4				6.0				1.8
Balance, end of period		$	336.7			$	327.4			$	321.1			$	304.7			$	309.7
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments
Balance, beginning of period		$	37.9			$	41.1			$	44.8			$	47.0			$	52.1
Recovery of credit losses (1)			(6.3	)			(3.2	)			(3.7	)			(2.2	)			(5.1	)
Balance, end of period (2)		$	31.6			$	37.9			$	41.1			$	44.8			$	47.0
Components of the allowance for credit losses on loans
Allowance for loan losses		$	336.7			$	327.4			$	321.1			$	304.7			$	309.7
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments			31.6				37.9				41.1				44.8				47.0
Total allowance for credit losses on loans		$	368.3			$	365.3			$	362.2			$	349.5			$	356.7
Net charge-offs to average loans - annualized			0.07	%			0.07	%			0.06	%			0.05	%			0.01	%
Allowance ratios
Allowance for loan losses to funded HFI loans (3)			0.67	%			0.66	%			0.67	%			0.66	%			0.60	%
Allowance for credit losses to funded HFI loans (3)			0.73				0.74				0.76				0.75				0.69
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual HFI loans			123				138				125				285				364
Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual HFI loans			135				154				141				327				420

(1)		The above tables reflect the provision for credit losses on funded and unfunded loans. There was a $3.3 million provision release on AFS investment securities and a $1.1 million provision for credit losses on HTM investment securities for the three months ended December 31, 2023. The allowance for credit losses on AFS and HTM investment securities totaled $1.4 million and $7.8 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
(2)		The allowance for unfunded loan commitments is included as part of accrued interest payable and other liabilities on the balance sheet.
(3)		Ratio includes an allowance for credit losses of $14.7 million as of December 31, 2023 related to a pool of loans covered under three separate credit linked note transactions.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Asset Quality Metrics
Unaudited
		Three Months Ended
		Dec 31, 2023				Sep 30, 2023				Jun 30, 2023				Mar 31, 2023				Dec 31, 2022
		(in millions)
Nonaccrual loans and repossessed assets
Nonaccrual loans		$	273			$	237			$	256			$	107			$	85
Nonaccrual loans to funded HFI loans			0.54	%			0.48	%			0.53	%			0.23	%			0.16	%
Repossessed assets		$	8			$	8			$	11			$	11			$	11
Nonaccrual loans and repossessed assets to total assets			0.40	%			0.35	%			0.39	%			0.17	%			0.14	%
Loans Past Due
Loans past due 90 days, still accruing (1)		$	42			$	—			$	—			$	1			$	—
Loans past due 90 days, still accruing to funded HFI loans			0.08	%			—	%			—	%			0.00	%			—	%
Loans past due 30 to 89 days, still accruing (2)		$	164			$	189			$	121			$	58			$	70
Loans past due 30 to 89 days, still accruing to funded HFI loans			0.33	%			0.38	%			0.25	%			0.13	%			0.13	%
Other credit quality metrics
Special mention loans		$	641			$	668			$	694			$	320			$	351
Special mention loans to funded HFI loans			1.27	%			1.35	%			1.45	%			0.69	%			0.68	%
Classified loans on accrual		$	379			$	381			$	324			$	325			$	280
Classified loans on accrual to funded HFI loans			0.75	%			0.77	%			0.68	%			0.70	%			0.54	%
Classified assets		$	673			$	639			$	604			$	459			$	393
Classified assets to total assets			0.95	%			0.90	%			0.89	%			0.65	%			0.58	%

(1)		Excludes government guaranteed residential mortgage loans of $399 million, $439 million, $481 million, $494 million, and $582 million as of each respective date in the table above.
(2)		Excludes government guaranteed residential mortgage loans of $279 million, $261 million, $289 million, $281 million, and $334 million as of each respective date in the table above.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Analysis of Average Balances, Yields and Rates
Unaudited
		Three Months Ended
		December 31, 2023										September 30, 2023
		Average Balance				Interest			Average Yield / Cost			Average Balance				Interest			Average Yield / Cost
		($ in millions)
Interest earning assets
Loans held for sale		$	1,830			$	29.6		6.42	%		$	3,069			$	47.3		6.11	%
Loans held for investment:
Commercial and industrial			18,530				343.2		7.40				16,855				324.3		7.70
CRE - non-owner occupied			9,715				188.7		7.71				9,950				196.1		7.83
CRE - owner occupied			1,786				26.0		5.88				1,790				26.4		5.97
Construction and land development			4,789				112.6		9.33				4,545				110.3		9.63
Residential real estate			14,758				157.6		4.24				14,914				155.0		4.12
Consumer			71				1.3		7.52				73				1.4		7.43
Total HFI loans (1), (2), (3)			49,649				829.4		6.65				48,127				813.5		6.73
Securities:
Securities - taxable			9,168				113.5		4.91				8,272				101.1		4.85
Securities - tax-exempt			2,106				22.7		5.35				2,103				21.7		5.12
Total securities (1)			11,274				136.2		4.99				10,375				122.8		4.91
Cash and other			2,572				43.8		6.75				2,911				43.0		5.87
Total interest earning assets			65,325				1,039.0		6.37				64,482				1,026.6		6.37
Non-interest earning assets
Cash and due from banks			287										279
Allowance for credit losses			(340	)									(334	)
Bank owned life insurance			185										184
Other assets			4,525										4,513
Total assets		$	69,982									$	69,124
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing transaction accounts		$	14,268			$	104.6		2.91	%		$	12,947			$	98.9		3.03	%
Savings and money market			14,595				119.1		3.24				13,832				106.3		3.05
Certificates of deposit			9,453				120.0		5.03				9,125				111.0		4.83
Total interest-bearing deposits			38,316				343.7		3.56				35,904				316.2		3.49
Short-term borrowings			5,492				79.4		5.74				6,260				97.2		6.16
Long-term debt			594				14.6		9.73				764				16.7		8.68
Qualifying debt			891				9.6		4.26				888				9.5		4.26
Total interest-bearing liabilities			45,293				447.3		3.92				43,816				439.6		3.98
Interest cost of funding earning assets									2.72										2.70
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits			17,579										18,402
Other liabilities			1,330										1,052
Stockholders’ equity			5,780										5,854
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	69,982									$	69,124
Net interest income and margin (4)						$	591.7		3.65	%						$	587.0		3.67	%

(1)		Yields on loans and securities have been adjusted to a tax equivalent basis. The tax equivalent adjustment was $9.1 million and $8.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively.
(2)		Included in the yield computation are net loan fees of $30.8 million and $28.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively.
(3)		Includes non-accrual loans.
(4)		Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average earning assets, annualized on an actual/actual basis.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Analysis of Average Balances, Yields and Rates
Unaudited
		Three Months Ended
		December 31, 2023										December 31, 2022
		Average Balance				Interest			Average Yield / Cost			Average Balance				Interest			Average Yield / Cost
		($ in millions)
Interest earning assets
Loans held for sale		$	1,830			$	29.6		6.42	%		$	2,659			$	37.8		5.63	%
Loans held for investment:
Commercial and industrial			18,530				343.2		7.40				21,654				349.3		6.45
CRE - non-owner-occupied			9,715				188.7		7.71				9,077				148.8		6.51
CRE - owner-occupied			1,786				26.0		5.88				1,830				24.4		5.39
Construction and land development			4,789				112.6		9.33				3,798				80.2		8.38
Residential real estate			14,758				157.6		4.24				15,803				143.5		3.60
Consumer			71				1.3		7.52				71				1.1		6.26
Total loans HFI (1), (2), (3)			49,649				829.4		6.65				52,233				747.3		5.70
Securities:
Securities - taxable			9,168				113.5		4.91				6,397				68.4		4.25
Securities - tax-exempt			2,106				22.7		5.35				2,068				21.0		5.07
Total securities (1)			11,274				136.2		4.99				8,465				89.4		4.45
Cash and other			2,572				43.8		6.75				1,361				13.8		4.02
Total interest earning assets			65,325				1,039.0		6.37				64,718				888.3		5.50
Non-interest earning assets
Cash and due from banks			287										289
Allowance for credit losses			(340	)									(308	)
Bank owned life insurance			185										181
Other assets			4,525										4,613
Total assets		$	69,982									$	69,493
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing transaction accounts		$	14,268			$	104.6		2.91	%		$	8,754			$	43.6		1.98	%
Savings and money market accounts			14,595				119.1		3.24				18,651				88.0		1.87
Certificates of deposit			9,453				120.0		5.03				4,260				26.0		2.42
Total interest-bearing deposits			38,316				343.7		3.56				31,665				157.6		1.97
Short-term borrowings			5,492				79.4		5.74				5,440				54.8		3.99
Long-term debt			594				14.6		9.73				1,240				27.1		8.68
Qualifying debt			891				9.6		4.26				890				9.1		4.08
Total interest-bearing liabilities			45,293				447.3		3.92				39,235				248.6		2.51
Interest cost of funding earning assets									2.72										1.52
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits			17,579										23,729
Other liabilities			1,330										1,296
Stockholders’ equity			5,780										5,233
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	69,982									$	69,493
Net interest income and margin (4)						$	591.7		3.65	%						$	639.7		3.98	%

(1)		Yields on loans and securities have been adjusted to a tax equivalent basis. The tax equivalent adjustment was $9.1 million and $9.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(2)		Included in the yield computation are net loan fees of $30.8 million and $34.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(3)		Includes non-accrual loans.
(4)		Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average earning assets, annualized on an actual/actual basis.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Analysis of Average Balances, Yields and Rates
Unaudited
		Year Ended
		December 31, 2023										December 31, 2022
		Average Balance				Interest			Average Yield / Cost			Average Balance				Interest			Average Yield / Cost
		($ in millions)
Interest earning assets
Loans HFS		$	3,347			$	213.4		6.38	%		$	4,364			$	180.3		4.13	%
Loans HFI:
Commercial and industrial			17,886				1,337.9		7.54				20,083				1,002.8		5.05
CRE - non-owner occupied			9,736				734.8		7.56				7,769				416.4		5.37
CRE - owner occupied			1,800				102.3		5.79				1,841				93.2		5.16
Construction and land development			4,498				419.7		9.33				3,426				229.1		6.69
Residential real estate			15,126				596.4		3.94				13,771				468.5		3.40
Consumer			72				5.2		7.23				61				3.1		5.07
Total loans HFI (1), (2), (3)			49,118				3,196.3		6.53				46,951				2,213.1		4.74
Securities:
Securities - taxable			8,002				381.3		4.76				6,325				195.3		3.09
Securities - tax-exempt			2,097				86.2		5.15				2,067				77.3		4.68
Total securities (1)			10,099				467.5		4.84				8,392				272.6		3.48
Other			2,848				158.1		5.55				1,574				25.8		1.64
Total interest earning assets (4)			65,412				4,035.3		6.22				61,281				2,691.8		4.45
Non-interest earning assets
Cash and due from banks			273										260
Allowance for credit losses			(326	)									(280	)
Bank owned life insurance			183										180
Other assets			4,581										3,948
Total assets		$	70,123									$	65,389
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing transaction accounts		$	12,422			$	352.0		2.83	%		$	8,331			$	78.8		0.95	%
Savings and money market accounts			14,903				428.1		2.87				18,518				158.6		0.86
Certificates of deposit			7,945				362.5		4.56				2,772				39.0		1.40
Total interest-bearing deposits			35,270				1,142.6		3.24				29,621				276.4		0.93
Short-term borrowings			7,800				434.6		5.57				3,424				92.1		2.69
Long-term debt			862				81.3		9.43				1,008				72.0		7.14
Qualifying debt			892				37.9		4.25				893				35.0		3.92
Total interest-bearing liabilities			44,824				1,696.4		3.78				34,946				475.5		1.36
Interest cost of funding earning assets									2.59										0.78
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits			18,293										24,133
Other liabilities			1,287										1,211
Stockholders’ equity			5,719										5,099
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	70,123									$	65,389
Net interest income and margin (5)						$	2,338.9		3.63	%						$	2,216.3		3.67	%

(1)		Yields on loans and securities have been adjusted to a tax equivalent basis. The tax equivalent adjustment was $35.5 million and $33.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(2)		Included in the yield computation are net loan fees of $131.2 million and $132.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(3)		Includes non-accrual loans.
(4)		Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average earning assets, annualized on an actual/actual basis.

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Operating Segment Results
Unaudited
Balance Sheet:
		Consolidated Company				Commercial				Consumer Related				Corporate & Other
At December 31, 2023:		(dollars in millions)
Assets:
Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities		$	14,569			$	13			$	125			$	14,431
Loans HFS			1,402				—				1,402				—
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs			50,297				29,136				21,161				—
Less: allowance for credit losses			(337	)			(284	)			(53	)			—
Net loans HFI			49,960				28,852				21,108				—
Other assets acquired through foreclosure, net			8				8				—				—
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net			669				292				377				—
Other assets			4,254				390				1,826				2,038
Total assets		$	70,862			$	29,555			$	24,838			$	16,469
Liabilities:
Deposits		$	55,333			$	23,897			$	24,925			$	6,511
Borrowings and qualifying debt			8,125				7				402				7,716
Other liabilities			1,326				109				338				879
Total liabilities			64,784				24,013				25,665				15,106
Allocated equity:			6,078				2,555				1,300				2,223
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	70,862			$	26,568			$	26,965			$	17,329
Excess funds provided (used)			—				(2,987	)			2,127				860
No. of offices			57				46				8				3
No. of full-time equivalent employees			3,260				584				711				1,965
Income Statement:
Three Months Ended December 31, 2023:		(in millions)
Net interest income		$	591.7			$	309.9			$	251.1			$	30.7
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses			9.3				8.6				2.9				(2.2	)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses			582.4				301.3				248.2				32.9
Non-interest income			90.5				16.8				60.3				13.4
Non-interest expense			461.9				149.7				232.9				79.3
Income (loss) before income taxes			211.0				168.4				75.6				(33.0	)
Income tax expense (benefit)			63.1				49.7				19.8				(6.4	)
Net income (loss)		$	147.9			$	118.7			$	55.8			$	(26.6	)
Year Ended December 31, 2023:		(in millions)
Net interest income		$	2,338.9			$	1,387.4			$	898.9			$	52.6
Provision for credit losses			62.6				38.3				3.3				21.0
Net interest income after provision for credit losses			2,276.3				1,349.1				895.6				31.6
Non-interest income			280.7				(23.3	)			286.9				17.1
Non-interest expense			1,623.4				580.6				924.5				118.3
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes			933.6				745.2				258.0				(69.6	)
Income tax expense (benefit)			211.2				174.8				59.2				(22.8	)
Net income (loss)		$	722.4			$	570.4			$	198.8			$	(46.8	)

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Operating Segment Results
Unaudited
Balance Sheet:
		Consolidated Company				Commercial				Consumer Related				Corporate & Other
At December 31, 2022:		(dollars in millions)
Assets:
Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities		$	9,803			$	12			$	—			$	9,791
Loans held for sale			1,184				—				1,184				—
Loans, net of deferred fees and costs			51,862				31,414				20,448				—
Less: allowance for credit losses			(310	)			(262	)			(48	)			—
Total loans			51,552				31,152				20,400				—
Other assets acquired through foreclosure, net			11				11				—				—
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net			680				293				387				—
Other assets			4,504				435				2,180				1,889
Total assets		$	67,734			$	31,903			$	24,151			$	11,680
Liabilities:
Deposits		$	53,644			$	29,494			$	18,492			$	5,658
Borrowings and qualifying debt			7,192				27				340				6,825
Other liabilities			1,542				83				656				803
Total liabilities			62,378				29,604				19,488				13,286
Allocated equity:			5,356				2,684				1,691				981
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	67,734			$	32,288			$	21,179			$	14,267
Excess funds provided (used)			—				385				(2,972	)			2,587
No. of offices			56				46				8				2
No. of full-time equivalent employees			3,365				671				785				1,909
Income Statement:
Three Months Ended December 31, 2022:		(in millions)
Net interest income		$	639.7			$	428.0			$	216.4			$	(4.7	)
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses			3.1				(5.9	)			8.2				0.8
Net interest income (expense) after provision for credit losses			636.6				433.9				208.2				(5.5	)
Non-interest income			61.5				8.7				49.2				3.6
Non-interest expense			333.4				122.1				187.6				23.7
Income (loss) before income taxes			364.7				320.5				69.8				(25.6	)
Income tax expense (benefit)			71.7				76.1				16.3				(20.7	)
Net income (loss)		$	293.0			$	244.4			$	53.5			$	(4.9	)
Year Ended December 31, 2022:		(in millions)
Net interest income		$	2,216.3			$	1,546.3			$	854.1			$	(184.1	)
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses			68.1				47.2				21.1				(0.2	)
Net interest income (expense) after provision for credit losses			2,148.2				1,499.1				833.0				(183.9	)
Non-interest income			324.6				59.7				247.2				17.7
Non-interest expense			1,156.7				463.5				630.1				63.1
Income (loss) before income taxes			1,316.1				1,095.3				450.1				(229.3	)
Income tax expense (benefit)			258.8				260.5				107.1				(108.8	)
Net income (loss)		$	1,057.3			$	834.8			$	343.0			$	(120.5	)

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Unaudited
Pre-Provision Net Revenue by Quarter:
	Three Months Ended
	12/31/2023			9/30/2023			6/30/2023			3/31/2023				12/31/2022
	(in millions)
Net interest income	$	591.7		$	587.0		$	550.3		$	609.9			$	639.7
Total non-interest income		90.5			129.2			119.0			(58.0	)			61.5
Net revenue	$	682.2		$	716.2		$	669.3		$	551.9			$	701.2
Total non-interest expense		461.9			426.2			387.4			347.9				333.4
Pre-provision net revenue (1)	$	220.3		$	290.0		$	281.9		$	204.0			$	367.8
Less:
Provision for credit losses		9.3			12.1			21.8			19.4				3.1
Income tax expense		63.1			61.3			44.4			42.4				71.7
Net income	$	147.9		$	216.6		$	215.7		$	142.2			$	293.0

Pre-Provision Net Revenue, Excluding Notable Items
Three Months Ended 12/31/2023:		(in millions)
Pre-provision net revenue (1)		$	220.3
Excluding notable items:
Non-interest income
MSR fair value adjustments and sales, net of hedging			25.3
Loss on sales of HFI loans			3.7
Outsized solar investment gains			(8.0	)
Loss on sales of investment securities			14.8
Non-interest expense
FDIC special assessment			66.3
Gain on extinguishment of debt			(39.3	)
Total notable items			62.8
Pre-provision net revenue, excluding notable items (1)		$	283.1
Less:
Provision for credit losses			9.3
Income tax expense			63.1
Total notable items			62.8
Net income		$	147.9

		Three Months Ended
		12/31/2023				9/30/2023				6/30/2023				3/31/2023				12/31/2022
Efficiency Ratio (Tax Equivalent Basis) by Quarter:		(dollars in millions)
Total non-interest expense		$	461.9			$	426.2			$	387.4			$	347.9			$	333.4
Less: Deposit costs			131.0				127.8				91.0				86.9				82.2
Total non-interest expense, excluding deposit costs			330.9				298.4				296.4				261.0				251.2
Divided by:
Total net interest income			591.7				587.0				550.3				609.9				639.7
Plus:
Tax equivalent interest adjustment			9.1				8.9				8.7				8.8				9.0
Total non-interest income			90.5				129.2				119.0				(58.0	)			61.5
Less: Deposit costs			131.0				127.8				91.0				86.9				82.2
		$	560.3			$	597.3			$	587.0			$	473.8			$	628.0
Efficiency ratio (2)			66.8	%			58.8	%			57.1	%			62.0	%			46.9	%
Efficiency ratio, adjusted for deposit costs (2)			59.1	%			50.0	%			50.5	%			55.1	%			40.0	%

Western Alliance Bancorporation and Subsidiaries
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Unaudited
Earnings per Share, Excluding Notable Items:
Three Months Ended 12/31/2023:		(in millions)
Net income available to common stockholders		$	144.7
Excluding:
Total notable items (4)			62.8
Income tax
Tax effect of notable items			(14.4	)
Elevated effective tax rate			14.6
Net income available to common stockholders, excluding notable items		$	207.7
Diluted shares			108.7
Diluted earnings per share, excluding notable items (1)		$	1.91

Tangible Common Equity:
		12/31/2023				9/30/2023				6/30/2023				3/31/2023				12/31/2022
		(dollars and shares in millions)
Total stockholders' equity		$	6,078			$	5,746			$	5,685			$	5,521			$	5,356
Less:
Goodwill and intangible assets			669				672				674				677				680
Preferred stock			295				295				295				295				295
Total tangible common equity			5,114				4,779				4,716				4,549				4,381
Plus: deferred tax - attributed to intangible assets			2				2				2				2				2
Total tangible common equity, net of tax		$	5,116			$	4,781			$	4,718			$	4,551			$	4,383
Total assets		$	70,862			$	70,891			$	68,160			$	71,047			$	67,734
Less: goodwill and intangible assets, net			669				672				674				677				680
Tangible assets			70,193				70,219				67,486				70,370				67,054
Plus: deferred tax - attributed to intangible assets			2				2				2				2				2
Total tangible assets, net of tax		$	70,195			$	70,221			$	67,488			$	70,372			$	67,056
Tangible common equity ratio (3)			7.3	%			6.8	%			7.0	%			6.5	%			6.5	%
Common shares outstanding			109.5				109.5				109.5				109.5				108.9
Tangible book value per share, net of tax (3)		$	46.72			$	43.66			$	43.09			$	41.56			$	40.25

Return on Average Tangible Common Equity, Excluding Notable Items:
Three Months Ended 12/31/2023:
		(in millions)
Net income available to common shareholders, excluding notable items		$	207.7
Divided by:
Average stockholders' equity		$	5,780
Less:
Average goodwill and intangible assets			670
Average preferred stock			295
Average tangible common equity		$	4,816
Return on average tangible common equity, excluding notable items (1)			17.1	%

Return on Average Assets, Excluding Notable Items:
Three Months Ended 12/31/2023:
	(in millions)
Net income	$	147.9
Excluding:
Total notable items (4)		62.8
Income tax
Tax effect of notable items		(14.4	)
Elevated effective tax rate		14.6
Net income, excluding notable items	$	210.9
Divided by:
Average assets	$	69,982
Return on average assets, excluding notable items (1)		1.20	%

Non-GAAP Financial Measures Footnotes
(1)		We believe this non-GAAP measurement is a key indicator of the earnings power of the Company.
(2)		We believe this non-GAAP ratio provides a useful metric to measure the efficiency of the Company.
(3)		We believe this non-GAAP metric provides an important metric with which to analyze and evaluate the financial condition and capital strength of the Company.
(4)		See reconciliation of PPNR, excluding notable items, for additional detail regarding the components of notable items.

 

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240124805047/en/

Western Alliance Bancorporation

Dale Gibbons, 602-952-5476

Source: Western Alliance Bancorporation

FAQ

What is Western Alliance Bancorporation's (WAL) net income for the fourth quarter of 2023?

Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) reported a net income of $147.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2023.

What is the net interest margin for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) in the fourth quarter of 2023?

The net interest margin for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) in the fourth quarter of 2023 was 3.65%.

What is the adjusted efficiency ratio for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) in the fourth quarter of 2023?

The adjusted efficiency ratio for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) in the fourth quarter of 2023 was 59.1%.

What is the stockholders' equity for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) at the end of 2023?

The stockholders' equity for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) at the end of 2023 was $6.1 billion.

What is the tangible book value per share for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) at the end of 2023?

The tangible book value per share for Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) at the end of 2023 was $46.72.