TScan Therapeutics Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results and Provides Business Update

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TScan's financial results reveal a well-capitalized clinical-stage biotech strategically positioned to advance its pipeline through multiple value-inflection points. The $290.1 million cash position provides runway into Q1 2027, representing approximately eight quarters of operational funding at current burn rates - a notably strong position compared to industry peers.

The company demonstrated exceptional capital markets strength by completing a $30 million direct offering at a 37% premium with Lynx1 Capital Management, a transaction that stands out in the biotech financing landscape where discounted financings are the norm. This premium financing signals strong institutional confidence in TScan's clinical programs and management execution.

While annual revenue decreased from $21.0 million to $2.8 million, this decline was expected following the conclusion of the Novartis collaboration. The increased R&D spend of $107.4 million (up from $88.2 million) directly supports the company's expanded clinical programs, including the ALLOHA hematologic trial and PLEXI-T solid tumor studies.

The debt refinancing with Silicon Valley Bank improved TScan's capital structure by replacing convertible debt with a term loan featuring deferred principal payments until September 2027. This strategic financing aligns debt obligations with anticipated clinical milestones while minimizing dilution risk.

The financial foundation appears sufficiently robust to support upcoming catalysts, including multiplex therapy data in H2 2025 and the planned registration trial for TSC-101, potentially positioning TScan for partnership opportunities or independent commercialization planning in the coming years.

The clinical data from TScan's ALLOHA trial demonstrates encouraging efficacy signals with only 2 of 26 patients (8%) in the treatment arm experiencing relapse compared to 4 of 12 patients (33%) in the control arm. This translates to a hazard ratio of 0.30 for event-free survival, strongly favoring TCR-T therapy. While the sample size remains , this magnitude of difference suggests potential clinical benefit in preventing relapse in hematologic malignancies.

The company's strategic decision to advance only TSC-101 makes scientific sense, as this candidate enables treatment of approximately 98% of patients with HLA type A*02:01, streamlining development while maintaining broad population coverage. The persistence of TCR-T cells beyond one year with a clear dose-response relationship addresses a critical requirement for durable therapeutic effect in cell therapy.

TScan's solid tumor program now encompasses seven distinct TCR-T therapies targeting different cancer-associated antigens across multiple HLA types. This multiplex approach represents a sophisticated strategy to overcome the fundamental challenge of tumor heterogeneity and antigen escape that has efficacy of single-target cell therapies in solid tumors.

The TCR-T platform offers a mechanistic advantage over CAR-T approaches by recognizing intracellular antigens presented on HLA molecules, dramatically expanding the repertoire of targetable cancer antigens beyond surface proteins. The inclusion of MAGE-A4-targeted TSC-202-A0201 adds a well-validated cancer testis antigen to their portfolio.

The clean safety profile observed in the ALLOHA trial, with no dose-limiting toxicities, provides a solid foundation for potential combination approaches and outpatient administration, representing meaningful advantages over other cellular immunotherapies that frequently encounter serious toxicity limitations.

03/05/2025 - 07:00 AM

Presented updated data from ongoing ALLOHA™ Phase 1 heme trial at the 66^th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition

IND application cleared for seventh TCR in PLEXI-T™ Phase 1 solid tumor program; TSC-202-A0201 targeting MAGE-A4 on HLA-A*02:01

Closed $30 million registered direct offering at 37% premium with long-standing, supportive shareholder

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities continue to fund operations into the first quarter of 2027

WALTHAM, Mass., March 05, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- TScan Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: TCRX), a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development of T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapies for the treatment of patients with cancer, today reported financial results for the three months and full year ended December 31, 2024, and provided a business update.

“The progress we achieved across our pipeline in 2024 has paved the way for a transformative year ahead. We are encouraged by the ALLOHA™ heme data presented at ASH with only 2 of 26 patients having relapsed compared to 4 of 12 control-arm subjects. We look forward to presenting additional data from the Phase 1 trial by the end of the year, including two-year relapse data on the initial patients,” said Gavin MacBeath, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer. “For the PLEXI-T™ solid tumor program, we continue to enroll patients investigating seven different TCR-Ts, including the recently added MAGE-A4 TCR-T (TSC-202-A0201). We look forward to treating our first patient with multiplex therapy in the first half of 2025 and sharing safety and response data for multiplex therapy in the second half of the year.”

Recent Corporate Highlights

The Company recently presented updated results from the ongoing ALLOHA trial of TSC-100 and TSC-101 at the 66^th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition.
- Infusions with TSC-100 and TSC-101 were well-tolerated with no dose limiting toxicities and adverse events were consistent with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).
- TSC-100 and TSC-101 TCR-T cells have been detected >1 year post infusion and have a clear dose-persistence relationship.
- 2 of 26 (8%) treatment-arm subjects relapsed as compared to 4 of 12 (33%) control-arm subjects.
  - Median time to relapse was not evaluable in TCR-T-treated subjects vs 160 days in the control arm.
  - Event-free survival strongly favors the treatment arm (HR=0.30).
In December 2024, the Company refinanced its previous convertible debt facility maturing in 2026 with a non-dilutive term loan for up to $52.5 million from Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), a division of First Citizens Bank, of which $32.5 million was drawn at closing. The SVB term loan allows for monthly interest-only payments through September 30, 2027, and matures on September 1, 2029.
In December 2024, the Company completed a $30 million registered direct offering with Lynx1 Capital Management LP (Lynx1), a large existing shareholder of the Company, and an investment fund advised by Lynx1, for pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 7,500,000 shares of the Company’s voting common stock at a price of $4.00 per pre-funded warrant, representing a premium of 37% to the previous closing price of TScan Therapeutics’ common stock. Net proceeds from the offering extended the Company’s cash runway into the first quarter of 2027.
The Company announced that it has been named one of the Top Places to Work in Massachusetts for the third consecutive year in the 17^th annual, employee-based survey from The Boston Globe. The 2024 Top Places to Work issue can be found online at Globe.com/TopPlaces.

Upcoming Anticipated Milestones

Heme Malignancies Program: TScan’s two lead TCR-T therapy candidates, TSC-100 and TSC-101, are designed to treat residual disease and prevent relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing allogeneic HCT (the ALLOHA trial, NCT05473910).

Opened expansion cohorts at dose level 3 to further characterize safety and evaluate translational and efficacy endpoints.
Plans to continue development of TSC-101 only, as TSC-101 enables treatment of ~98% of patients with HLA type A*02:01.
Initiate a registration trial for TSC-101, pending further feedback from regulatory authorities, in the second half of 2025.
Plans to present additional data from the Phase 1 trial by the end of the year, including two-year relapse data on the initial patients.
Plans to file an investigational new drug (IND) application for TSC-102-A0301, a TCR-T targeting CD45 on HLA-A*03:01, in the second half of 2025.

Solid Tumor Program: TScan continues to expand the ImmunoBank, a collection of TCR-T therapy candidates that target different cancer-associated antigens presented on diverse HLA types. TScan’s strategy is to treat patients with multiple TCR-T therapy candidates to overcome tumor heterogeneity and resistance that may arise from either target or HLA loss (the PLEXI-T trial, NCT05973487).

IND filing for TCR targeting MAGE-A4 on HLA-A*02:01 (TSC-202-A0201) recently cleared by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
- The Company now has seven TCR-Ts cleared for clinical development in its PLEXI-T Phase 1 trial.
Progressing through initial dose levels across the TCR-T therapy candidates.
Plans to dose first patient with multiplex TCR-T therapy in the first half of 2025.
Safety and response data for multiplex TCR-T therapy anticipated in the second half of 2025.

Financial Results

Revenue: Revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $0.7 million, compared to $7.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and $2.8 million for the full-year 2024, compared to $21.0 million for the full-year 2023. The decrease in both periods was primarily due to timing of research activities pursuant to the Company’s collaboration agreement with Amgen which commenced in May 2023 compared to the collaboration and license agreement with Novartis which ended in March 2023.

R&D Expenses: Research and development (R&D) expenses for the fourth quarter of 2024 were $29.4 million, compared to $22.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and $107.4 million for the full-year 2024, compared to $88.2 million for the full-year 2023. The period over period increases were primarily driven by an increase in clinical studies expense associated with the ongoing enrollment of our ALLOHA Phase 1 heme trial and start-up activities and initial enrollment in our PLEXI-T Phase 1 solid tumor clinical trial, as well as an increase in personnel expenses due to additional headcount in support of our expanded research and development activities. R&D expenses included non-cash stock compensation expense of $1.3 million and $0.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $4.8 million and $2.9 million for the full-year 2024 and 2023, respectively.

G&A Expenses: General and administrative (G&A) expenses for the fourth quarter of 2024 were $8.0 million, compared to $6.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and $30.3 million for the full-year 2024, compared to $26.4 million for the full-year 2023. The period over period increases were primarily driven by an increase in personnel expenses due to increased headcount to support business activities. G&A expenses included non-cash stock compensation expense of $1.4 million and $0.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $4.7 million and $2.3 million for the full-year 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Net Loss: Net loss was $35.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2024, compared to $19.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and included net interest income of $2.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively. Net loss for the full-year 2024 was $127.5 million, compared to $89.2 million for the full-year 2023, and included net interest income of $8.4 million and $4.2 million, respectively. Net loss for the fourth quarter of 2024 and full-year 2024 included a $1.1 million loss on extinguishment of debt.

Cash Position: Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of December 31, 2024 were $290.1 million, excluding $5.0 million of restricted cash. The Company believes that its existing cash resources will be sufficient to fund its current operating plan into the first quarter of 2027.

Share Count: As of December 31, 2024, the Company had issued and outstanding shares of 56,590,627, which consists of 52,314,039 shares of voting common stock and 4,276,588 shares of non-voting common stock, and outstanding pre-funded warrants to purchase 73,087,945 shares of voting common stock at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share.

About TScan Therapeutics, Inc.

TScan is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development of T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapies for the treatment of patients with cancer. The Company’s lead TCR-T therapy candidates are in development for the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies to prevent relapse following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (the ALLOHA^™ Phase 1 heme trial). The Company has developed and continues to expand its ImmunoBank, the Company’s repository of therapeutic TCRs that recognize diverse targets and are associated with multiple HLA types, to provide customized multiplex TCR-T therapies for patients with a variety of cancers (the PLEXI-T^™ Phase 1 solid tumor trial). The Company is currently enrolling patients into both clinical programs.

Forward-Looking Statements

This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to, express or implied statements regarding the Company’s plans, progress, expectations, and timing relating to the Company’s hematologic malignancies program, including clinical updates of the ALLOHA Phase 1 heme trial, presentation of data, opening of expansion cohorts, filing of an IND for TSC-102-A0301, and initiation of registrational trials; the Company’s plans, progress, expectations and timing relating to the Company’s solid tumor program, including clinical updates of the PLEXI-T Phase 1 solid tumor trial, enrolling and dosing patients, and presentation of data; the progress of the hematologic malignancies and solid tumor programs being indicative or predictive of the success of each program; the Company’s current and future research and development plans or expectations; the structure, timing and success of the Company’s planned preclinical development, submission of INDs, and clinical trials; the potential benefits of any of the Company’s proprietary platforms, multiplexing, or current or future product candidates in treating patients; the Company’s ability to fund its operating plan into the first quarter of 2027 with its existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities; and the Company’s goals, strategy and anticipated financial performance. TScan intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as, but not limited to, “may,” “might,” “will,” “objective,” “intend,” “should,” “could,” “can,” “would,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “project,” “target,” “design,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “plan,” “on track,” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms. Such forward-looking statements are based upon current expectations that involve risks, changes in circumstances, assumptions, and uncertainties. The express or implied forward-looking statements included in this release are only predictions and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including, without limitation: the beneficial characteristics, safety, efficacy, therapeutic effects and potential advantages of TScan’s TCR-T therapy product candidates; TScan’s expectations regarding its preclinical studies being predictive of clinical trial results; TScan’s approved INDs being indicative or predictive of bringing TScan closer to its goal of providing customized TCR-T therapies to treat patients with cancer; the timing of the launch, initiation, progress, expected results and announcements of TScan’s preclinical studies, clinical trials and its research and development programs; TScan’s ability to enroll patients for its clinical trials within its expected timeline; TScan’s plans relating to developing and commercializing its TCR-T therapy product candidates, if approved, including sales strategy; estimates of the size of the addressable market for TScan’s TCR-T therapy product candidates; TScan’s manufacturing capabilities and the scalable nature of its manufacturing process; TScan’s estimates regarding expenses, future milestone payments and revenue, capital requirements and needs for additional financing; TScan’s expectations regarding competition; TScan’s anticipated growth strategies; TScan’s ability to attract or retain key personnel; TScan’s ability to establish and maintain development partnerships and collaborations; TScan’s expectations regarding federal, state and foreign regulatory requirements; TScan’s ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for its proprietary platform technology and our product candidates; the sufficiency of TScan’s existing capital resources to fund its future operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements; and other factors that are described in the “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections of TScan’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any other filings that TScan has made or may make with the SEC in the future. Any forward-looking statements contained in this release represent TScan’s views only as of the date hereof and should not be relied upon as representing its views as of any subsequent date. Except as required by law, TScan explicitly disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

Contacts

Heather Savelle
TScan Therapeutics, Inc.
VP, Investor Relations
857-399-9840
hsavelle@tscan.com

Maghan Meyers
Argot Partners
212-600-1902
TScan@argotpartners.com


TScan Therapeutics, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
(unaudited, in thousands, except share amount)

	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	178,689	$	133,359
Other assets		192,429		138,790
Total assets	$	371,118	$	272,149
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Total liabilities	$	130,148	$	121,282
Total stockholders' equity		240,970		150,867
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit	$	371,118	$	272,149
Common stock and pre-funded warrants outstanding⁽¹⁾		129,678,572		94,840,055

⁽¹⁾ Includes at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, 73,087,945 and 47,010,526 issued and outstanding pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of voting common stock at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share.

TScan Therapeutics, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Twelve Months Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Revenue:
Collaboration and license revenue	$	665		$	7,211		$	2,816		$	21,049
Operating expenses:
Research and development		29,354			22,407			107,350			88,153
General and administrative		8,023			6,161			30,287			26,354
Total operating expenses		37,377			28,568			137,637			114,507
Loss from operations		(36,712	)		(21,357	)		(134,821	)		(93,458	)
Interest and other income, net		2,777			2,596			12,065			7,999
Interest expense		(784	)		(852	)		(3,653	)		(3,759	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		(1,090	)		-			(1,090	)		-
Net loss	$	(35,809	)	$	(19,613	)	$	(127,499	)	$	(89,218	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.30	)	$	(0.21	)	$	(1.14	)	$	(1.36	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic and diluted ⁽²⁾		120,789,625			94,835,735			111,990,417			65,599,858

⁽²⁾ The calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding-basic and diluted includes 73,087,945 shares of the Company's voting common stock issuable upon exercise of pre-funded warrants for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2024, and includes 47,010,526 shares of the Company's voting common stock issuable upon exercise of pre-funded warrants for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

FAQ

What were the key results from TScan's ALLOHA Phase 1 trial presented at ASH 2024?

The trial showed only 2 of 26 (8%) treatment-arm subjects relapsed compared to 4 of 12 (33%) control-arm subjects, with event-free survival strongly favoring the treatment arm (HR=0.30).

How much cash does TCRX have and what is their projected runway?

TScan has $290.1M in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of December 31, 2024, with runway expected into Q1 2027.

What was TCRX's revenue and net loss for full-year 2024?

Full-year 2024 revenue was $2.8M (down from $21M in 2023) with a net loss of $127.5M.

What financing did TCRX secure in December 2024?

TScan secured a $52.5M term loan from SVB and raised $30M through a registered direct offering at a 37% premium.

What are the next major milestones for TCRX's clinical programs?

TScan plans to initiate TSC-101 registration trial in H2 2025 and present multiplex TCR-T therapy safety and response data in H2 2025.

TScan Therapeutics Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results and Provides Business Update

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FAQ

What were the key results from TScan's ALLOHA Phase 1 trial presented at ASH 2024?

How much cash does TCRX have and what is their projected runway?

What was TCRX's revenue and net loss for full-year 2024?

What financing did TCRX secure in December 2024?

What are the next major milestones for TCRX's clinical programs?

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TScan Therapeutics Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results and Provides Business Update

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FAQ

What were the key results from TScan's ALLOHA Phase 1 trial presented at ASH 2024?

How much cash does TCRX have and what is their projected runway?

What was TCRX's revenue and net loss for full-year 2024?

What financing did TCRX secure in December 2024?

What are the next major milestones for TCRX's clinical programs?

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