Compass, Inc. Reports Third Quarter 2023 Results
- Compass achieved positive free cash flow in Q3 2023, with a $187 million improvement in operating cash flow and a $235 million improvement in free cash flow compared to the same period last year.
- The company plans to reduce annualized operating expenses by nearly $550 million by Q4 2023 and expects to achieve a $900 million run rate.
- Q3 2023 financial highlights include a 10% decrease in revenue and a 74% improvement in GAAP net loss compared to Q3 2022.
- Compass experienced a 4% increase in the average number of principal agents and a 12% decline in total transactions.
- None.
Achieves Positive Free Cash Flow In Third Quarter
"In the third quarter, for the second quarter in a row, Compass is free cash flow positive as we continue to execute our plan to drive operating expenses down while continuing to grow our agent count and expanding the features on our technology platform, the industry's only proprietary first-contact to close platform," said Robert Reffkin, Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Compass. "Additionally, at a time when many agents are leaving the industry, Compass reached its second highest quarterly retention rate since going public and our national market share was up 26 basis points year-over-year."
Reffkin continued. "We expect to achieve our
"In the first nine months of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022, we have been able to achieve a
Q3 2023 Financial Highlights:
- Revenue decreased by
10% year-over-year to as transactions declined$1.34 billion 12% driven by macroeconomic factors. - Q3 2023 GAAP Net loss was
, an improvement of$39 million 74% from a Net loss of in Q3 2022. The Net loss for Q3 2023 includes non-cash stock-based compensation expenses of$154 million , and depreciation and amortization of$38 million .$21 million - Adjusted EBITDA3 (a non-GAAP measure) was
in Q3 2023, compared to$22 million in Q3 2022. This is an improvement of$(42) million while revenue declined by$64 million 10% due to macroeconomic factors. - Operating Cash Flow / Free Cash Flow3 (a non-GAAP measure): During Q3 2023, we delivered operating cash flow of
, and free cash flow of$15 million when considering capital expenditures.$12 million - Cash and cash equivalents at the end of Q3 2023 was
, with no draw of our revolving credit facility.$220 million
Q3 2023 Operational Highlights:
- Platform: The Compass end-to-end technology platform provides real estate agents with the ability to perform their primary workflows, from first contact to close, with a single log-in and without leaving the Compass platform.
- The Compass platform has deployed artificial intelligence and machine learning for several years. Recently, we integrated the ChatGPT API. By drawing on our vast database of proprietary data, Compass AI further enhances the agent experience and their ability to quickly perform tasks such as creating listing brochures and descriptions, marketing materials, and even their agent profiles on our website.
- Compass continued the roll out of its title and escrow business integration into the technology platform in
Southern California by expanding the offering toSan Diego . We expect to complete our expansion of this integration inPhiladelphia ,Washington DC ,Maryland andVirginia by the end of 2023, and roll out this integration feature to all the markets where we currently offer title and escrow services in early 2024.
- National market share in Q3 2023 was
4.4% , an increase of 26 basis points year-over-year. - Agents: Average Number of Principal Agents was 14,055 for Q3 2023, a
4% increase of 511 principal agents from Q3 2022 and a3% increase sequentially of 422 from Q2 2023.4 Compass continued to experience high levels of agent retention with our second highest agent retention quarter as a public company. - Transactions: Compass agents closed 48,134 Total Transactions in Q3 2023, a decline of
12% compared to Q3 2022. Transactions for the entireU.S. residential real estate market declined20% for the same period.5 - Gross Transaction Value ("GTV")6 was
in Q3 2023, a decline of$50.9 billion 11% compared to Q3 2022, while national market GTV was down16.5% for the same period.
Additional information can be found in the Company's Q3 2023 Earnings Presentation, which can be found in the Investor Relations section of the Compass website at https://investors.compass.com.
Outlook
Q4 2023 Outlook:
- Revenue of
to$1.1 billion $1.2 billion - Adjusted EBITDA of negative
million to negative$35 $20 million
FY 2023 Outlook:
- Non-GAAP Operating expense range of
7$850 -$950 million
We have not reconciled our guidance for Adjusted EBITDA to GAAP Net loss because certain expenses excluded from GAAP Net loss when calculating Adjusted EBITDA cannot be reasonably calculated or predicted at this time. Additionally, we have not reconciled our guidance for Non-GAAP Operating expense after commissions and other related expenses to GAAP Operating expenses because certain expenses excluded from GAAP Operating expenses cannot be reasonably calculated or predicted at this time. Accordingly, reconciliations are not available without unreasonable effort.
For a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures on a historical basis, see "Reconciliation of Net Loss Attributable to Compass, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA", "Reconciliation of GAAP Operating Expenses to Non-GAAP Operating Expenses" and "Reconciliation of GAAP Operating Cash Flow to Free Cash Flow" in the financial statement tables included within this press release.
Conference Call Information
Management will conduct a conference call to discuss the third quarter 2023 results as well as outlook at 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday, November 6, 2023. The conference call will be accessible via the Internet on the Compass Investor Relations website https://investors.compass.com. You can also access the audio webcast via the following link: Compass, Inc. 3Q23 Earnings Conference Call.
An audio recording of the conference call will be available for replay shortly after the call's completion. To access the replay, visit the Events and Presentations section on the Compass Investor Relations website at https://investors.compass.com.
Disclosure Channels
Compass uses its Investor Relations website, https://investors.compass.com, as a means of disclosing information which may be of interest or material to its investors and for complying with disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. We intend to announce material information to the public through filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, the investor relations page on our website (www.compass.com), press releases, public conference calls, public webcasts, our X (formerlyTwitter) feed (@Compass), our Facebook page, our LinkedIn page, our Instagram account, our YouTube channel, and Robert Reffkin's X (formerly Twitter) feed (@RobReffkin) and Instagram account (@robreffkin). Accordingly, investors should monitor each of these disclosure channels.
Safe Harbor Statement
This press release includes forward-looking statements, which are statements other than statements of historical facts, and statements in the future tense. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our future performance, including expected financial results for the fourth quarter and full year of 2023, planned operating expense for the full year of 2023 and 2024, and our expectations for operational achievements. Forward-looking statements are based upon various estimates and assumptions, as well as information known to us as of the date of this press release, and are subject to risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to: general macroeconomic conditions in the
More information about factors that could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects, or that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements is included under the captions "Risk Factors," "Legal Proceedings" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and our subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, copies of which are available on the Investor Relations page of our website at https://investors.compass.com/ and on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. All information herein speaks as of the date hereof and all forward-looking statements contained herein are based on information available to us as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update these statements as a result of new information or future events. Undue reliance should not be placed on the forward-looking statements in this press release.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with GAAP, we present Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses, and Free Cash Flow, which are non-GAAP financial measures, in this press release. We use Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow in conjunction with GAAP measures as part of our overall assessment of our performance, including the preparation of our annual operating budget and quarterly forecasts, to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies and to communicate with our board of directors concerning our financial performance. We believe Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow are also helpful to investors, analysts and other interested parties because they can assist in providing a more consistent and comparable overview of our operations across our historical financial periods. Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow have limitations as analytical tools. Therefore, you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Because of these limitations, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow alongside other financial performance measures, including net loss attributable to Compass, Inc., GAAP Operating expenses, operating cash flows and our other GAAP measures. In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments reflected in this press release. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow should not be construed to imply that our future results will be unaffected by the types of items excluded from these calculations of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow. Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP Operating expenses and Free Cash Flow are not presented in accordance with GAAP and the use of these terms vary from others in our industry. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures have been provided in the financial statement tables included within this press release, and investors are encouraged to review these reconciliations.
About Compass
Compass is the largest residential real estate brokerage in
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1 Compass was ranked number one in sales volume for 2022 by Real Trends in March 2023 for the second year in a row. |
2 Excluding the impact of the additional |
3 A reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP measures can be found within the financial statement tables included within this press release. |
4 During the first quarter of 2023, we began to utilize an updated methodology for tracking and reporting our agent statistics. The Average Number of Principal Agents and year over year growth reported in this press release is based on the updated methodology. |
5 We calculate Total Transactions by taking the sum of all transactions closed on the Compass platform in which our agent represents the buyer or seller in the purchase or sale of a home (excluding rental transactions). We include a single transaction twice when one or more Compass agents represent both the buyer and seller in any given transaction. |
6 Gross Transaction Value includes a de minimis number of new development and commercial brokerage transactions. |
7 Non-GAAP Operating expenses exclude Commissions and other related expenses, Depreciation and amortization, Stock-based compensation and other expenses excluded from the Company's calculation of Adjusted EBITDA. We calculate non-GAAP Operating expense annualized run rate by taking the sum of the quarter's non-GAAP sales and marketing, operations and support, research and development, and general and administration expenses and multiplying it by four. |
Compass, Inc. | |||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | |||
(In millions, unaudited) | |||
September 30, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||
Assets | |||
Current assets | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 220.0 | $ 361.9 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance | 41.0 | 36.6 | |
Compass Concierge receivables, net of allowance | 34.3 | 42.9 | |
Other current assets | 62.5 | 76.5 | |
Total current assets | 357.8 | 517.9 | |
Property and equipment, net | 161.7 | 192.5 | |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 421.4 | 483.2 | |
Intangible assets, net | 86.1 | 99.3 | |
Goodwill | 208.8 | 198.4 | |
Other non-current assets | 27.8 | 41.8 | |
Total assets | $ 1,263.6 | $ 1,533.1 | |
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | |||
Current liabilities | |||
Accounts payable | $ 22.6 | $ 28.1 | |
Commissions payable | 77.1 | 48.0 | |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 105.8 | 164.9 | |
Current lease liabilities | 104.2 | 94.6 | |
Concierge credit facility | 27.9 | 31.9 | |
Revolving credit facility | — | 150.0 | |
Total current liabilities | 337.6 | 517.5 | |
Non-current lease liabilities | 426.1 | 486.5 | |
Other non-current liabilities | 22.5 | 8.4 | |
Total liabilities | 786.2 | 1,012.4 | |
Stockholders' equity | |||
Common stock | — | — | |
Additional paid-in capital | 2,908.1 | 2,713.6 | |
Accumulated deficit | (2,434.1) | (2,196.5) | |
Total Compass, Inc. stockholders' equity | 474.0 | 517.1 | |
Non-controlling interest | 3.4 | 3.6 | |
Total stockholders' equity | 477.4 | 520.7 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ 1,263.6 | $ 1,533.1 |
Compass, Inc. | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations | ||||||||
(In millions, except share and per share data, unaudited) | ||||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||
Revenue | $ 1,337.4 | $ 1,493.7 | $ 3,788.6 | $ 4,910.8 | ||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||
Commissions and other related expense (1) | 1,096.2 | 1,218.0 | 3,111.1 | 4,017.3 | ||||
Sales and marketing (1) | 103.9 | 144.4 | 332.5 | 444.3 | ||||
Operations and support (1) | 83.2 | 95.1 | 247.3 | 308.9 | ||||
Research and development (1) | 45.8 | 81.5 | 140.1 | 296.9 | ||||
General and administrative (1) | 24.2 | 56.5 | 93.3 | 167.0 | ||||
Restructuring costs | 1.7 | 29.0 | 27.7 | 47.9 | ||||
Depreciation and amortization | 21.3 | 21.0 | 68.5 | 65.1 | ||||
Total operating expenses | 1,376.3 | 1,645.5 | 4,020.5 | 5,347.4 | ||||
Loss from operations | (38.9) | (151.8) | (231.9) | (436.6) | ||||
Investment income, net | 1.5 | 1.1 | 6.9 | 1.5 | ||||
Interest expense | (1.9) | (0.9) | (9.2) | (2.3) | ||||
Loss before income taxes and equity in loss of unconsolidated | (39.3) | (151.6) | (234.2) | (437.4) | ||||
Income tax benefit | 0.5 | — | 0.5 | 1.4 | ||||
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entity | (0.4) | (2.5) | (2.6) | (7.5) | ||||
Net loss | (39.2) | (154.1) | (236.3) | (443.5) | ||||
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests | (0.2) | (0.1) | (1.3) | 0.1 | ||||
Net loss attributable to Compass, Inc. | $ (39.4) | $ (154.2) | $ (237.6) | $ (443.4) | ||||
Net loss per share attributable to Compass, Inc., basic and diluted | $ (0.08) | $ (0.36) | $ (0.52) | $ (1.04) | ||||
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share | 470,945,736 | 432,459,739 | 460,730,792 | 425,338,530 | ||||
(1) | Total stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations is as follows (in millions): | |||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||
Commissions and other related expense | $ — | $ 12.7 | $ 11.6 | $ 36.1 | ||||
Sales and marketing | 8.8 | 10.8 | 26.4 | 32.7 | ||||
Operations and support | 4.5 | 3.9 | 11.6 | 12.3 | ||||
Research and development | 11.4 | 9.4 | 34.4 | 45.2 | ||||
General and administrative | 13.3 | 13.3 | 37.9 | 46.8 | ||||
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ 38.0 | $ 50.1 | $ 121.9 | $ 173.1 |
Compass, Inc. | |||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | |||
(In millions, unaudited) | |||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||
2023 | 2022 | ||
Operating Activities | |||
Net loss | $ (236.3) | $ (443.5) | |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 68.5 | 65.1 | |
Stock-based compensation | 121.9 | 173.1 | |
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entity | 2.6 | 7.5 | |
Change in acquisition related contingent consideration | 1.1 | (1.9) | |
Bad debt expense | 4.6 | 5.2 | |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Accounts receivable | (8.3) | 11.1 | |
Compass Concierge receivables | 7.9 | (29.1) | |
Other current assets | 13.6 | 1.8 | |
Other non-current assets | 11.5 | 1.9 | |
Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities | 7.6 | 5.8 | |
Accounts payable | (5.8) | 5.9 | |
Commissions payable | 29.0 | 2.2 | |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | (5.7) | 20.3 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 12.8 | (173.9) | |
Investing Activities | |||
Investment in unconsolidated entity | — | (15.0) | |
Capital expenditures | (8.9) | (56.9) | |
Cash acquired, net of payments for acquisitions | 0.7 | (15.0) | |
Net cash used in investing activities | (8.2) | (86.9) | |
Financing Activities | |||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 4.2 | 8.6 | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan | 2.5 | 2.3 | |
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | (17.9) | (19.5) | |
Proceeds from drawdowns on Concierge credit facility | 44.7 | 47.0 | |
Repayments of drawdowns on Concierge credit facility | (48.7) | (26.7) | |
Proceeds from drawdowns on Revolving credit facility | 75.0 | — | |
Repayments of drawdowns on Revolving credit facility | (225.0) | — | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock in connection with the Strategic Transaction | 32.3 | — | |
Payments related to acquisitions, including contingent consideration | (12.1) | (13.9) | |
Other | (1.5) | (0.4) | |
Net cash used in financing activities | (146.5) | (2.6) | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (141.9) | (263.4) | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 361.9 | 618.3 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ 220.0 | $ 354.9 |
Compass, Inc. | |||||||
Reconciliation of Net Loss Attributable to Compass, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA | |||||||
(In millions, unaudited) | |||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||
Net loss attributable to Compass, Inc. | $ (39.4) | $ (154.2) | $ (237.6) | $ (443.4) | |||
Adjusted to exclude the following: | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 21.3 | 21.0 | 68.5 | 65.1 | |||
Investment income, net | (1.5) | (1.1) | (6.9) | (1.5) | |||
Interest expense | 1.9 | 0.9 | 9.2 | 2.3 | |||
Stock-based compensation | 38.0 | 50.1 | 121.9 | 173.1 | |||
Income tax benefit | (0.5) | — | (0.5) | (1.4) | |||
Restructuring costs | 1.7 | 29.0 | 27.7 | 47.9 | |||
Acquisition-related expenses(1) | 0.3 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 12.7 | |||
Litigation charge(2) | — | 10.5 | — | 10.5 | |||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ 21.8 | $ (42.2) | $ (15.2) | $ (134.7) | |||
(1) For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, acquisition-related expenses includes a | |||||||
(2) Represents a charge of |
Compass, Inc. | |||||||
Reconciliation of Operating Cash Flows to Free Cash Flow | |||||||
(In millions, unaudited) | |||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ 15.0 | $ (53.6) | $ 12.8 | $ (173.9) | |||
Less: | |||||||
Capital expenditures | (2.8) | (15.5) | (8.9) | (56.9) | |||
Free cash flow | $ 12.2 | $ (69.1) | $ 3.9 | $ (230.8) |
Compass, Inc. | |||||||
Reconciliation of GAAP Operating Expenses to Non-GAAP Operating Expenses | |||||||
(In millions, unaudited) | |||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||
2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||
GAAP Commissions and other related expense | $ 1,096.2 | $ 1,218.0 | $ 3,111.1 | $ 4,017.3 | |||
Adjusted to exclude the following: | |||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | (12.7) | (11.6) | (36.1) | |||
Non-GAAP Commissions and other related expense | $ 1,096.2 | $ 1,205.3 | $ 3,099.5 | $ 3,981.2 | |||
GAAP Sales and marketing | $ 103.9 | $ 144.4 | $ 332.5 | $ 444.3 | |||
Adjusted to exclude the following: | |||||||
Stock-based compensation | (8.8) | (10.8) | (26.4) | (32.7) | |||
Non-GAAP Sales and marketing | $ 95.1 | $ 133.6 | $ 306.1 | $ 411.6 | |||
GAAP Operations and support | $ 83.2 | $ 95.1 | $ 247.3 | $ 308.9 | |||
Adjusted to exclude the following: | |||||||
Stock-based compensation | (4.5) | (3.9) | (11.6) | (12.3) | |||
Acquisition-related expenses | (0.3) | (1.6) | (2.5) | (12.7) | |||
Non-GAAP Operations and support | $ 78.4 | $ 89.6 | $ 233.2 | $ 283.9 | |||
GAAP Research and development | $ 45.8 | $ 81.5 | $ 140.1 | $ 296.9 | |||
Adjusted to exclude the following: | |||||||
Stock-based compensation | (11.4) | (9.4) | (34.4) | (45.2) | |||
Non-GAAP Research and development | $ 34.4 | $ 72.1 | $ 105.7 | $ 251.7 | |||
GAAP General and administrative | $ 24.2 | $ 56.5 | $ 93.3 | $ 167.0 | |||
Adjusted to exclude the following: | |||||||
Stock-based compensation | (13.3) | (13.3) | (37.9) | (46.8) | |||
Litigation Charge | — | (10.5) | — | (10.5) | |||
Non-GAAP General and administrative | $ 10.9 | $ 32.7 | $ 55.4 | $ 109.7 |
Compass, Inc. | |||||||||||||
Non-GAAP Operating Expenses Excluding Commissions and Other Related Expense | |||||||||||||
(In millions, unaudited) | |||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||
March 31, | June 30, | September 30, | December 31, | March 31, | June 30, | September 30, | |||||||
Sales and marketing | $ 134.3 | $ 143.7 | $ 133.6 | $ 121.5 | $ 106.7 | $ 104.3 | $ 95.1 | ||||||
Operations and support | 96.5 | 97.8 | 89.6 | 81.7 | 75.0 | 79.8 | 78.4 | ||||||
Research and development | 91.3 | 88.3 | 72.1 | 51.1 | 38.5 | 32.8 | 34.4 | ||||||
General and administrative | 40.4 | 36.6 | 32.7 | 27.5 | 23.1 | 21.4 | 10.9 | ||||||
Total non-GAAP operating expenses excluding | $ 362.5 | $ 366.4 | $ 328.0 | $ 281.8 | $ 243.3 | $ 238.3 | $ 218.8 |
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SOURCE Compass
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