Brookdale Announces First Quarter 2023 Results
HIGHLIGHTS
- Delivered first quarter 2023 financial results above expectations.
- Revenue per available unit (RevPAR) and revenue per occupied unit (RevPOR) increased year-over-year
12.9% and8.6% , respectively, on a consolidated basis. - No mortgage debt maturities until September 2024 through proactive financing management.
"Thanks to our passionate community of associates and strong leadership teams, we delivered a meaningful improvement in first quarter Adjusted EBITDA over the prior year. We are firmly on the path to continued recovery, and with these results, we have gained momentum," said Lucinda ("Cindy") Baier, Brookdale's President and CEO. "Our scale, clinical expertise, and innovative healthcare services set us apart from our competitors, and we plan to leverage our strengths and maximize compelling demographic tailwinds to create significant value for our shareholders. I am grateful for the trust that our residents place in Brookdale and look forward to serving a growing number of residents in the second quarter and years to come."
SUMMARY OF FIRST QUARTER FINANCIAL RESULTS
Consolidated summary of operating results and metrics:
Year-Over-Year Increase / (Decrease) | Sequential Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||
($ in millions, except RevPAR and RevPOR) | 1Q 2023 | 1Q 2022 | Amount | Percent | 4Q 2022 | Amount | Percent | |
Resident fee revenue | $ 713.4 | $ 637.0 | $ 76.4 | 12.0 % | $ 657.9 | $ 55.5 | 8.4 % | |
Facility operating expense | 530.8 | 512.8 | 18.0 | 3.5 % | 531.7 | (0.9) | (0.2) % | |
General and administrative expense | 48.6 | 45.1 | 3.5 | 7.8 % | 40.4 | 8.2 | 20.3 % | |
Net income (loss) | (44.6) | (100.0) | (55.4) | (55.4) % | (25.7) | 18.9 | 73.5 % | |
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 88.6 | 37.2 | 51.4 | 138.2 % | 46.6 | 42.0 | 90.1 % | |
RevPAR | $ 4,551 | $ 4,032 | $ 519 | 12.9 % | $ 4,199 | $ 352 | 8.4 % | |
Weighted average occupancy | 76.3 % | 73.4 % | 290 bps | n/a | 77.1 % | (80) bps | n/a | |
RevPOR | $ 5,963 | $ 5,493 | $ 470 | 8.6 % | $ 5,446 | $ 517 | 9.5 % | |
(1) | Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure that is not calculated in accordance with GAAP. See "Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for the Company's definition of such measure, reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP financial measure, and other important information regarding the use of the Company's non-GAAP financial measures. |
Same community(2) summary of operating results and metrics:
Year-Over-Year Increase / (Decrease) | Sequential Increase | ||||||
($ in millions, except RevPAR and RevPOR) | 1Q 2023 | 1Q 2022 | Amount | Percent | 4Q 2022 | Amount | Percent |
Resident fee revenue | $ 698.6 | $ 617.8 | $ 80.8 | 13.1 % | $ 644.1 | $ 54.5 | 8.5 % |
Facility operating expense | $ 516.0 | $ 496.4 | $ 19.6 | 3.9 % | $ 509.4 | $ 6.6 | 1.3 % |
RevPAR | $ 4,551 | $ 4,025 | $ 526 | 13.1 % | $ 4,196 | $ 355 | 8.5 % |
Weighted average occupancy | 76.5 % | 73.4 % | 310 bps | n/a | 77.3 % | (80) bps | n/a |
RevPOR | $ 5,949 | $ 5,481 | $ 468 | 8.5 % | $ 5,431 | $ 518 | 9.5 % |
(2) | The same community senior housing portfolio includes operating results and data for 635 communities consolidated and operational for the full period in both comparison years. Consolidated communities excluded from the same community portfolio include communities acquired or disposed of since the beginning of the prior year, communities classified as assets held for sale, certain communities planned for disposition, certain communities that have undergone or are undergoing expansion, redevelopment, and repositioning projects, and certain communities that have experienced a casualty event that significantly impacts their operations. To aid in comparability, same community operating results exclude natural disaster expense. |
Recent consolidated occupancy trend:
2022 | ||||||||||||
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
Weighted average | 73.4 % | 73.3 % | 73.6 % | 73.9 % | 74.6 % | 75.2 % | 75.9 % | 76.4 % | 76.9 % | 77.2 % | 77.0 % | 77.0 % |
Month end | 74.2 % | 74.4 % | 75.0 % | 75.3 % | 76.2 % | 76.6 % | 77.1 % | 77.9 % | 78.4 % | 78.2 % | 78.1 % | 78.1 % |
2023 | ||||
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | |
Weighted average | 76.6 % | 76.3 % | 76.1 % | 76.2 % |
Month end | 77.6 % | 77.4 % | 77.6 % | 77.6 % |
OVERVIEW OF FIRST QUARTER RESULTS
- Resident fee revenue.
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022:
- Resident fees increased primarily due to the increases in RevPOR and occupancy.
- The increase in RevPOR was primarily the result of in-place rate increases.
- The increase in occupancy primarily reflects the impact of the Company's execution on key initiatives to rebuild occupancy lost due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: Resident fees increased primarily due to the increase in RevPOR, reflecting in-place rate increases, partially offset by an 80 basis point decrease in weighted average occupancy consistent with historical seasonal trends.
- Facility operating expense.
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022: The increase was primarily due to broad inflationary pressure, partially offset by a decrease in the use of premium labor, primarily contract labor.
- 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: The decrease in facility operating expense was primarily due to a decrease in natural disaster expense as a result of expenses incurred in the prior period for Hurricane Ian and Winter Storm Elliott, partially offset by a
1.3% increase in same community facility operating expense. - General and administrative expense.
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022: The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in organizational restructuring costs primarily for severance costs for the Company's senior leadership changes.
- 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in estimated incentive compensation costs and the increase in organizational restructuring costs previously discussed.
- Net income (loss).
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022: The decrease in net loss was primarily attributable to the net impact of the revenue and facility operating expense factors previously discussed and a decrease in asset impairment expense compared to the prior year period. These changes were partially offset by an increase in debt interest expense compared to the prior year period.
- 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: The increase in net loss was primarily attributable to the
$73.9 million - Adjusted EBITDA.
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022: The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily attributable to the net impact of the resident fee revenue and facility operating expense factors previously discussed, partially offset by an increase in cash facility operating lease payments primarily due to the reclassification of lease costs for 16 communities from financing leases to operating leases as a result of a lease amendment subsequent to the prior year period.
- 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily attributable to the increase in resident fee revenue. These amounts were partially offset by a
$6.5 million
LIQUIDITY
The table below presents a summary of the Company's net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, non-development capital expenditures, net, and Adjusted Free Cash Flow.
Year-Over-Year Increase / | Sequential Increase / | ||||
($ in millions) | 1Q 2023 | 1Q 2022 | Amount | 4Q 2022 | Amount |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ 24.0 | $ (23.3) | $ 47.3 | $ (48.6) | $ 72.6 |
Non-development capital expenditures, net | 62.9 | 39.3 | 23.6 | 39.3 | 23.6 |
Adjusted Free Cash Flow (3) | (21.2) | (53.5) | 32.3 | (103.6) | 82.4 |
(3) | Adjusted Free Cash Flow is a financial measure that is not calculated in accordance with GAAP. See "Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for the Company's definition of such measure, reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP financial measure and other important information regarding the use of the Company's non-GAAP financial measures. |
- Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022: The change in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was primarily attributable to an increase in resident fee revenue compared to the prior year period, partially offset by an increase in facility operating expense and an increase in debt interest expense compared to the prior year period.
- 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: The change in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was primarily attributable to an increase in resident fee revenue compared to the prior period and
$31.6 million - Non-development capital expenditures, net. The increase in non-development capital expenditures, net of lessor reimbursements, was primarily attributable to an increase in remediation costs at the Company's communities resulting from natural disasters primarily from the impact of Winter Storm Elliott and a decrease in reimbursements from lessors.
- Adjusted Free Cash Flow.
- 1Q 2023 vs 1Q 2022: The
$32.3 million - 1Q 2023 vs 4Q 2022: The
$82.4 million $24.9 million - Total liquidity. Total liquidity of
$438.6 million $362.2 million $69.0 million $7.4 million $14.0 million $21.2 million
TRANSACTION AND FINANCING UPDATE
The Company completed the sale of its one remaining entrance fee community (306 units) on May 1, 2023. The Company received cash proceeds of
Subsequent to the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company and Welltower Inc. ("Welltower") entered into amendments to the Company's existing lease arrangements pursuant to which the Company continues to lease 74 communities. In connection with the amendments, the Company extended the maturity of one lease involving 39 communities from December 31, 2026 until June 30, 2032. As a result, the Company's amended lease arrangements provide that the current term for 69 of the communities will expire on June 30, 2032 and the current term for five of the communities will expire on December 31, 2024. The amendments did not change the amount of required lease payments over the previous term of the leases or the annual lease escalators. In addition, Welltower agreed to make available a pool in the aggregate amount of up to
The Company expects the amended leases for 35 of such communities to be prospectively reclassified as operating leases subsequent to the amendment. The Company expects the reclassification of such lease costs to operating lease classification will result in an approximately
The amendments replaced the net worth covenant provisions requiring the Company to maintain at least
2023 OUTLOOK
For the second quarter 2023, the Company is providing the following guidance:
Second Quarter 2023 Guidance | |
RevPAR year-over-year growth | |
Adjusted EBITDA |
In the aggregate, the Company expects its full-year 2023 non-development capital expenditures, net of anticipated lessor reimbursements, to be approximately
This guidance gives effect to the estimated impact of the lease accounting change associated with the lease amendment and the sale of the entrance fee community, both described in the Transaction and Financing Update herein, and excludes future acquisition or disposition activity. Reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure included in the foregoing guidance to the most comparable GAAP financial measure is not available without unreasonable effort due to the inherent difficulty in forecasting the timing or amounts of items required to reconcile Adjusted EBITDA from the Company's net income (loss). Variability in the timing or amounts of items required to reconcile the measure may have a significant impact on the Company's future GAAP results.
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
The Company will post on its website at brookdaleinvestors.com supplemental information relating to the Company's first quarter results, an updated investor presentation, and a copy of this earnings release. The supplemental information and a copy of this earnings release will also be furnished in a Form 8-K to be filed with the SEC.
EARNINGS CONFERENCE CALL
Brookdale's management will conduct a conference call to discuss the financial results for the first quarter on May 9, 2023 at 9:00 AM ET. The conference call can be accessed by dialing (833) 470-1428 (from within the
A webcast of the conference call will be available to the public on a listen-only basis at brookdaleinvestors.com. Please allow extra time before the call to download the necessary software required to listen to the internet broadcast. A replay of the webcast will be available through the website following the call.
For those who cannot listen to the live call, a replay of the webcast will be available until 11:59 PM ET on May 16, 2023 by dialing (866) 813-9403 (from within the
ABOUT BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING
Brookdale Senior Living Inc. is the nation's premier operator of senior living communities. The Company is committed to its mission of enriching the lives of the people it serves with compassion, respect, excellence, and integrity. The Company, through its affiliates, operates independent living, assisted living, memory care, and continuing care retirement communities. Through its comprehensive network, Brookdale helps to provide seniors with care and services in an environment that feels like home. The Company's expertise in healthcare, hospitality, and real estate provides residents with opportunities to improve wellness, pursue passions, and stay connected with friends and loved ones. Brookdale, through its affiliates, operates and manages 673 communities in 41 states as of March 31, 2023, with the ability to serve more than 60,000 residents. Brookdale's stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol BKD. For more information, visit brookdale.com or connect with Brookdale on Facebook or Twitter.
DEFINITIONS OF REVPAR AND REVPOR
RevPAR, or average monthly senior housing resident fee revenue per available unit, is defined by the Company as resident fee revenue for the corresponding portfolio for the period (excluding revenue for private duty services provided to seniors living outside of the Company's communities and entrance fee amortization), divided by the weighted average number of available units in the corresponding portfolio for the period, divided by the number of months in the period.
RevPOR, or average monthly senior housing resident fee revenue per occupied unit, is defined by the Company as resident fee revenue for the corresponding portfolio for the period (excluding revenue for private duty services provided to seniors living outside of the Company's communities and entrance fee amortization), divided by the weighted average number of occupied units in the corresponding portfolio for the period, divided by the number of months in the period.
SAFE HARBOR
Certain statements in this press release and the associated earnings call may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding the Company's intent, belief or expectations. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "could," "would," "potential," "intend," "expect," "endeavor," "seek," "anticipate," "estimate," "believe," "project," "predict," "continue," "plan," "target," or other similar words or expressions. These forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations, and the Company's ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although the Company believes that expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that its assumptions or expectations will be attained and actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's operations and future prospects or which could cause events or circumstances to differ from the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the response efforts of federal, state, and local government authorities, businesses, individuals, and the Company on the Company's business, results of operations, cash flow, revenue, expenses, liquidity, and its strategic initiatives, including plans for future growth, which will depend on many factors, some of which cannot be foreseen, including the duration, severity, and breadth of the pandemic and any resurgence or variants of the disease, the impact of COVID-19 on the nation's economy and debt and equity markets and the local economies in the Company's markets, the development, availability, utilization, and efficacy of COVID-19 testing, therapeutic agents, and vaccines and the prioritization of such resources among businesses and demographic groups, government financial and regulatory relief efforts that may become available to business and individuals, including the Company's ability to qualify for and satisfy the terms and conditions of financial relief, perceptions regarding the safety of senior living communities during and after the pandemic, changes in demand for senior living communities and the Company's ability to adapt its sales and marketing efforts to meet that demand, the impact of COVID-19 on the Company's residents' and their families' ability to afford its resident fees, including due to changes in unemployment rates, consumer confidence, housing markets, and equity markets caused by COVID-19, changes in the acuity levels of the Company's new residents, the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on seniors generally and those residing in the Company's communities, the duration and costs of the Company's response efforts, including increased equipment, supplies, labor, litigation, testing, vaccination clinic, health plan, and other expenses, greater use of contract labor, overtime, and other premium labor due to COVID-19 and general labor market conditions, the impact of COVID-19 on the Company's ability to complete financings and refinancings of various assets, or other transactions or to generate sufficient cash flow to cover required debt, interest, and lease payments and to satisfy financial and other covenants in its debt and lease documents, increased regulatory requirements, including the costs of unfunded, mandatory testing of residents and associates and provision of test kits to the Company's health plan participants, increased enforcement actions resulting from COVID-19, government action that may limit the Company's collection or discharge efforts for delinquent accounts, and the frequency and magnitude of legal actions and liability claims that may arise due to COVID-19 or the Company's response efforts; events which adversely affect the ability of seniors to afford resident fees, including downturns in the economy, housing market, consumer confidence, or the equity markets and unemployment among resident family members; changes in reimbursement rates, methods, or timing under governmental reimbursement programs including the Medicare and Medicaid programs; the effects of senior housing construction and development, lower industry occupancy (including due to the pandemic), and increased competition; conditions of housing markets, regulatory changes, acts of nature, and the effects of climate change in geographic areas where the Company is concentrated; terminations of the Company's resident agreements and vacancies in the living spaces it leases, including due to the pandemic; failure to maintain the security and functionality of the Company's information systems, to prevent a cybersecurity attack or breach, or to comply with applicable privacy and consumer protection laws, including HIPAA; the Company's ability to complete its capital expenditures in accordance with its plans; the Company's ability to identify and pursue development, investment, and acquisition opportunities and its ability to successfully integrate acquisitions; competition for the acquisition of assets; the Company's ability to complete pending or expected disposition, acquisition, or other transactions on agreed upon terms or at all, including in respect of the satisfaction of closing conditions, the risk that regulatory approvals are not obtained or are subject to unanticipated conditions, and uncertainties as to the timing of closing, and the Company's ability to identify and pursue any such opportunities in the future; risks related to the implementation of the Company's strategy, including initiatives undertaken to execute on the Company's strategic priorities and their effect on its results; limits on the Company's ability to use net operating loss carryovers to reduce future tax payments; delays in obtaining regulatory approvals; disruptions in the financial markets or decreases in the appraised values or performance of the Company's communities that affect the Company's ability to obtain financing or extend or refinance debt as it matures and the Company's financing costs; the Company's ability to generate sufficient cash flow to cover required interest, principal, and long-term lease payments and to fund its planned capital projects; the effect of any non-compliance with any of the Company's debt or lease agreements (including the financial or other covenants contained therein), including the risk of lenders or lessors declaring a cross default in the event of the Company's non-compliance with any such agreements and the risk of loss of the Company's property securing leases and indebtedness due to any resulting lease terminations and foreclosure actions; the effect of the Company's indebtedness and long-term leases on the Company's liquidity and its ability to operate its business; increases in market interest rates that increase the costs of the Company's debt obligations; the Company's ability to obtain additional capital on terms acceptable to it; departures of key officers and potential disruption caused by changes in management; increased competition for, or a shortage of, associates (including due to the pandemic or general labor market conditions), wage pressures resulting from increased competition, low unemployment levels, minimum wage increases and changes in overtime laws, and union activity; environmental contamination at any of the Company's communities; failure to comply with existing environmental laws; an adverse determination or resolution of complaints filed against the Company, including putative class action complaints; costs to respond to, and adverse determinations resulting from, government reviews, audits and investigations; the cost and difficulty of complying with increasing and evolving regulation; changes in, or its failure to comply with, employment-related laws and regulations; unanticipated costs to comply with legislative or regulatory developments; the risks associated with current global economic conditions and general economic factors such as inflation, the consumer price index, commodity costs, fuel and other energy costs, competition in the labor market, costs of salaries, wages, benefits, and insurance, interest rates, and tax rates; the impact of seasonal contagious illness or an outbreak of COVID-19 or other contagious disease in the markets in which the Company operates; actions of activist stockholders, including a proxy contest; as well as other risks detailed from time to time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those set forth in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in such SEC filings. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements, which reflect management's views as of the date of this press release and/or associated earnings call. The Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and, except as required by law, it expressly disclaims any obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained in this press release and/or associated earnings call to reflect any change in the Company's expectations with regard thereto or change in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any statement is based.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations | |||
Three Months Ended March 31, | |||
(in thousands, except per share data) | 2023 | 2022 | |
Resident fees | $ 713,404 | $ 636,974 | |
Management fees | 2,577 | 3,329 | |
Reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities | 34,954 | 37,141 | |
Other operating income | 2,328 | 376 | |
Total revenue and other operating income | 753,263 | 677,820 | |
Facility operating expense (excluding facility depreciation and amortization of | 530,807 | 512,764 | |
General and administrative expense (including non-cash stock-based compensation expense of | 48,619 | 45,126 | |
Facility operating lease expense | 46,127 | 41,564 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 84,934 | 85,684 | |
Asset impairment | — | 9,075 | |
Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities | 34,954 | 37,141 | |
Income (loss) from operations | 7,822 | (53,534) | |
Interest income | 5,326 | 95 | |
Interest expense: | |||
Debt | (50,315) | (33,157) | |
Financing lease obligations | (6,552) | (12,058) | |
Amortization of deferred financing costs | (1,940) | (1,542) | |
Change in fair value of derivatives | (904) | 3,403 | |
Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated ventures | (577) | (4,894) | |
Non-operating gain (loss) on sale of assets, net | — | (294) | |
Other non-operating income (loss) | 3,149 | (27) | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (43,991) | (102,008) | |
Benefit (provision) for income taxes | (572) | 1,976 | |
Net income (loss) | (44,563) | (100,032) | |
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 14 | 19 | |
Net income (loss) attributable to Brookdale Senior Living Inc. common stockholders | $ (44,549) | $ (100,013) | |
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Brookdale Senior Living Inc. common stockholders | $ (0.20) | $ (0.54) | |
Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net income (loss) per share | 224,578 | 185,916 | |
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | |||
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 362,235 | $ 398,850 | |
Marketable securities | 69,009 | 48,680 | |
Restricted cash | 29,374 | 27,735 | |
Accounts receivable, net | 52,618 | 55,761 | |
Assets held for sale | 23,555 | — | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net | 129,640 | 106,067 | |
Total current assets | 666,431 | 637,093 | |
Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net | 4,493,002 | 4,535,702 | |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 565,641 | 597,130 | |
Other assets, net | 160,785 | 167,137 | |
Total assets | $ 5,885,859 | $ 5,937,062 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | $ 87,711 | $ 66,043 | |
Current portion of financing lease obligations | 24,683 | 24,059 | |
Current portion of operating lease obligations | 177,894 | 176,758 | |
Liabilities held for sale | 19,455 | — | |
Other current liabilities | 397,533 | 374,345 | |
Total current liabilities | 707,276 | 641,205 | |
Long-term debt, less current portion | 3,772,254 | 3,784,099 | |
Financing lease obligations, less current portion | 218,349 | 224,801 | |
Operating lease obligations, less current portion | 575,603 | 616,973 | |
Other liabilities | 71,523 | 85,831 | |
Total liabilities | 5,345,005 | 5,352,909 | |
Total Brookdale Senior Living Inc. stockholders' equity | 539,320 | 582,605 | |
Noncontrolling interest | 1,534 | 1,548 | |
Total equity | 540,854 | 584,153 | |
Total liabilities and equity | $ 5,885,859 | $ 5,937,062 | |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | |||
Three Months Ended March 31, | |||
(in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | |||
Net income (loss) | $ (44,563) | $ (100,032) | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | |||
Depreciation and amortization, net | 86,874 | 87,226 | |
Asset impairment | — | 9,075 | |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated ventures | 577 | 4,894 | |
Distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings | — | 561 | |
Amortization of entrance fees | (508) | (726) | |
Proceeds from deferred entrance fee revenue | 324 | 1,036 | |
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision | 244 | (2,304) | |
Operating lease expense adjustment | (10,805) | (8,307) | |
Change in fair value of derivatives | 904 | (3,403) | |
Loss (gain) on sale of assets, net | — | 294 | |
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense | 3,104 | 3,885 | |
Property and casualty insurance income | (3,295) | (43) | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Accounts receivable, net | 3,143 | 1,185 | |
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net | (7,602) | (4,734) | |
Prepaid insurance premiums financed with notes payable | (19,305) | (16,629) | |
Trade accounts payable and accrued expenses | (1,386) | (2,630) | |
Refundable fees and deferred revenue | 14,092 | 5,907 | |
Operating lease assets and liabilities for lessor capital expenditure reimbursements | 2,244 | 1,490 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 24,042 | (23,255) | |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities | |||
Purchase of marketable securities | (49,674) | (125,990) | |
Sale and maturities of marketable securities | 30,000 | 129,000 | |
Capital expenditures, net of related payables | (49,700) | (39,956) | |
Investment in unconsolidated ventures | — | (82) | |
Proceeds from sale of assets, net | — | 710 | |
Property and casualty insurance proceeds | 6,422 | — | |
Other | 933 | 155 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (62,019) | (36,163) | |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities | |||
Proceeds from debt | 25,519 | 25,258 | |
Repayment of debt and financing lease obligations | (23,322) | (21,440) | |
Payment of financing costs, net of related payables | (346) | (76) | |
Payments of employee taxes for withheld shares | (1,680) | (4,145) | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 171 | (403) | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | (37,806) | (59,821) | |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | 474,548 | 438,314 | |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | $ 436,742 | $ 378,493 | |
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This earnings release contains the financial measures Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Free Cash Flow, which are not calculated in accordance with
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP performance measure that the Company defines as net income (loss) excluding: benefit/provision for income taxes, non-operating income/expense items, and depreciation and amortization; and further adjusted to exclude income/expense associated with non-cash, non-operational, transactional, cost reduction, or organizational restructuring items that management does not consider as part of the Company's underlying core operating performance and that management believes impact the comparability of performance between periods. For the periods presented herein, such other items include non-cash impairment charges, gain/loss on facility operating lease termination, operating lease expense adjustment, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, gain/loss on sale of communities, and transaction and organizational restructuring costs. Transaction costs include those directly related to acquisition, disposition, financing, and leasing activity, and are primarily comprised of legal, finance, consulting, professional fees, and other third-party costs. Organizational restructuring costs include those related to the Company's efforts to reduce general and administrative expense and its senior leadership changes, including severance.
The Company believes that presentation of Adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure is useful to investors because (i) it is one of the metrics used by the Company's management for budgeting and other planning purposes, to review the Company's historic and prospective core operating performance, and to make day-to-day operating decisions; (ii) it provides an assessment of operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, namely revenues and the controllable cost structure of the organization, by eliminating items related to the Company's financing and capital structure and other items that management does not consider as part of the Company's underlying core operating performance and that management believes impact the comparability of performance between periods; and (iii) the Company believes that this measure is used by research analysts and investors to evaluate the Company's operating results and to value companies in its industry.
Adjusted EBITDA has material limitations as a performance measure, including: (i) excluded interest and income tax are necessary to operate the Company's business under its current financing and capital structure; (ii) excluded depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges may represent the wear and tear and/or reduction in value of the Company's communities, goodwill, and other assets and may be indicative of future needs for capital expenditures; and (iii) the Company may incur income/expense similar to those for which adjustments are made, such as gain/loss on sale of assets, facility operating lease termination, or debt modification and extinguishment, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, and transaction and other costs, and such income/expense may significantly affect the Company's operating results.
The table below reconciles the Company's Adjusted EBITDA from net income (loss).
Three Months Ended | |||||
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | March 31, 2022 | ||
Net income (loss) | $ (44,563) | $ (25,651) | $ (100,032) | ||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | 572 | (473) | (1,976) | ||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated ventures | 577 | 1,429 | 4,894 | ||
Loss (gain) on debt modification and extinguishment, net | — | 1,357 | — | ||
Non-operating loss (gain) on sale of assets, net | — | 16 | 294 | ||
Other non-operating (income) loss | (3,149) | (10,375) | 27 | ||
Interest expense | 59,711 | 63,256 | 43,354 | ||
Interest income | (5,326) | (3,870) | (95) | ||
Income (loss) from operations | 7,822 | 25,689 | (53,534) | ||
Depreciation and amortization | 84,934 | 88,215 | 85,684 | ||
Asset impairment | — | 12,256 | 9,075 | ||
Loss (gain) on sale of communities, net | — | (73,850) | — | ||
Operating lease expense adjustment | (10,805) | (9,567) | (8,307) | ||
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense | 3,104 | 3,559 | 3,885 | ||
Transaction and organizational restructuring costs | 3,568 | 262 | 373 | ||
Adjusted EBITDA(4) | $ 88,623 | $ 46,564 | $ 37,176 | ||
(4) | Adjusted EBITDA includes a |
Adjusted Free Cash Flow
Adjusted Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that the Company defines as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities before: distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings, changes in prepaid insurance premiums financed with notes payable, changes in operating lease assets and liabilities for lease termination, cash paid/received for gain/loss on facility operating lease termination, and lessor capital expenditure reimbursements under operating leases; plus: property and casualty insurance proceeds and proceeds from refundable entrance fees, net of refunds; less: non-development capital expenditures and payment of financing lease obligations. Non-development capital expenditures are comprised of corporate and community-level capital expenditures, including those related to maintenance, renovations, upgrades, and other major building infrastructure projects for the Company's communities and is presented net of lessor reimbursements. Non-development capital expenditures do not include capital expenditures for: community expansions, major community redevelopment and repositioning projects, and the development of new communities.
The Company believes that presentation of Adjusted Free Cash Flow as a liquidity measure is useful to investors because (i) it is one of the metrics used by the Company's management for budgeting and other planning purposes, to review the Company's historic and prospective sources of operating liquidity, and to review the Company's ability to service its outstanding indebtedness, pay dividends to stockholders, engage in share repurchases, and make capital expenditures, including development capital expenditures; and (ii) it provides an indicator to management to determine if adjustments to current spending decisions are needed.
Adjusted Free Cash Flow has material limitations as a liquidity measure, including: (i) it does not represent cash available for dividends, share repurchases, or discretionary expenditures since certain non-discretionary expenditures, including mandatory debt principal payments, are not reflected in this measure; (ii) the cash portion of non-recurring charges related to gain/loss on facility lease termination generally represent charges/gains that may significantly affect the Company's liquidity; and (iii) the impact of timing of cash expenditures, including the timing of non-development capital expenditures, limits the usefulness of the measure for short-term comparisons. Additionally, Adjusted Free Cash Flow excludes cash used to purchase interest rate cap instruments, as well as any cash provided by settlements of interest rate cap instruments.
The table below reconciles Adjusted Free Cash Flow from net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.
Three Months Ended | |||||
(in thousands) | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | March 31, 2022 | ||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ 24,042 | $ (48,562) | $ (23,255) | ||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (62,019) | (9,936) | (36,163) | ||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 171 | 138,229 | (403) | ||
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ (37,806) | $ 79,731 | $ (59,821) | ||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ 24,042 | $ (48,562) | $ (23,255) | ||
Distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings | — | — | (561) | ||
Changes in prepaid insurance premiums financed with notes payable | 19,305 | (5,552) | 16,629 | ||
Changes in assets and liabilities for lessor capital expenditure reimbursements under operating leases | (2,244) | (4,494) | (1,490) | ||
Non-development capital expenditures, net | (62,912) | (39,335) | (39,326) | ||
Property and casualty insurance proceeds | 6,422 | — | — | ||
Payment of financing lease obligations | (5,852) | (5,615) | (5,490) | ||
Adjusted Free Cash Flow (5) | $ (21,239) | $ (103,558) | $ (53,493) | ||
(5) | Adjusted Free Cash Flow includes: |
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SOURCE Brookdale Senior Living Inc.
