RAMACO RESOURCES REPORTS FIRST QUARTER 2023 RESULTS
FIRST QUARTER 2023 HIGHLIGHTS
- The Company had net income of
(diluted EPS of$25.3 million ) compared to$0.57 (diluted EPS of$14.4 million ) in the fourth quarter of 2022. Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, certain non-operating expenses, and equity-based compensation ("Adjusted EBITDA"), a non-GAAP measure, was$0.32 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This compared to$48.3 million of Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended December 31, 2022. First quarter Adjusted EBITDA and net income were negatively affected by$31.9 million and$3 million respectively from the$2 million Berwind mine idle costs. (See "Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measure" below.) - The Company stated that 2.7 million tons or
81% of 2023 forecast production is now contracted. Of this amount, 1.9 million tons is fixed price business at an average of per ton, with the balance priced against a floating index.$197
MARKET COMMENTARY / 2023 OUTLOOK
- In both a separate press release, and letter to shareholders, the Company reported independent findings from Weir International, Inc. ("Weir") that its fee owned Brook Mine in
Sheridan, Wyoming possesses a significant unconventional deposit of Rare Earth Elements ("REEs") with cores exhibiting high relative concentrations of heavy REEs ("HREE") as well as lighter REEs. These HREEs with permanent magnetic properties include Terbium ("Tb") and Dysprosium ("Dy"). The lighter REEs with magnetic properties include Neodymium ("Nd") and Praseodymium ("Pr"). We of course recognize that any new mine project, especially one involving emerging technology, is fraught with uncertainty. There is much technical and related work to do before we can determine the commercial feasibility of REE extraction at the Brook Mine. - The first section at the Berwind No. 1 mine has ramped production in-line with expectations since the Company began mining in March following the July 2022 ignition event. The Board of Directors recently approved advancing production in the second section of the
Berwind mine to mid-2023 from 2024. Capital expenditures for this section should total approximately and it should add ~300,000 tons of incremental annualized production by late 2023.$3 million - Initial surface production recently began at the new
Maben low volatile coal mine. The Company also anticipates the imminent startup of itsElk Creek preparation plant expansion project. This is expected to increase processing capacity atElk Creek from 2 million to 3 million tons per year. - 2023 production guidance is increased from 3.0 – 3.5 million tons to 3.1 – 3.6 million tons, following strong first quarter results. 2023 sales guidance is increased from 3.2 – 3.7 million tons to 3.3 – 3.8 million tons, representing a
45% increase versus 2022 sales. - Second quarter of 2023 sales are expected to increase modestly versus first quarter of 2023 levels of 757,000 tons. By the second half of 2023, the Company expects to ramp production and sales to a run-rate of roughly 1 million tons per quarter.
U.S. metallurgical coal spot pricing is currently down almost25% from first quarter of 2023 averages on the back of renewed global economic concerns. If indices remain at current levels for the duration of the second quarter, we anticipate our second quarter average realized pricing for company produced coal, excluding transportation charges, to fall roughly 9 –11% from first quarter levels of /ton.$185
MANAGEMENT COMMENTARY
Randall Atkins, Ramaco Resources' Chairman and Chief Executive Officer commented, "Earlier this year I said that our goal in 2023 is simply to execute. After a number of operational setbacks in 2022, as well as ongoing transportation challenges, I am pleased to say that this quarter we executed better than we had expected.
In the first quarter, we achieved both record production of 834,000 tons and record sales of 757,000 tons. In addition, despite continued inflationary pressures, our non-GAAP cash cost of sales, which excludes transportation and idle mine costs, fell from
Our sales team continues to aggressively increase our global footprint. After our inaugural sale to
While overall pricing has fallen on the back of global economic concerns, Ramaco is continuing to focus on what we can control. In terms of our continued commitment to responsibly growing production, I am pleased to note that the first section at the Berwind No. 1 mine restarted early and has been ramping production in-line with expectations. The Board recently approved pulling forward the second section of the
Importantly, I would urge you to all read both our separate press release, as well as my letter to shareholders regarding the potentially transformative work we have been doing at our Brook Mine in
We of course recognize that any new mine project, especially one involving emerging technology, is fraught with uncertainty. However, given the magnitude of what we have discovered to date, we intend to pursue a thoughtful investigation of this unique opportunity. If that diligence continues on its present course perhaps Ramaco can transform its footprint into becoming both a low cost supplier of strategic REE critical materials from
Finally, as we said before, our goal for 2023 remains to execute on our objectives which are:
- To both increase our met coal production and processing capacity and reduce costs.
- To continue to assess our potential REE deposit, with minimal initial capital outlay.
- To pay down the majority of our remaining debt in order to maintain our strong balance sheet.
- To pursue our dual longer-term objectives of combining an increase in profitable production with a steady growth in return of capital to our shareholders."
Key operational and financial metrics are presented below:
Key Metrics | ||||||||||
1Q23 | 4Q22 | Change | 1Q22 | Change | ||||||
Total Tons Sold ('000) | 757 | 675 | 12 % | 583 | 30 % | |||||
Revenue ($mm) | $ | 166.4 | $ | 135.2 | 23 % | $ | 154.9 | 7 % | ||
Cost of Sales ($mm) | $ | 110.5 | $ | 95.4 | 16 % | $ | 81.3 | 36 % | ||
Non-GAAP Pricing of Company Produced Tons ($/Ton) | $ | 185 | $ | 182 | 2 % | $ | 234 | (21) % | ||
Non-GAAP Cash Cost of Sales - Company Produced ($/Ton)* | $ | 105 | $ | 114 | (8) % | $ | 106 | (1) % | ||
Non-GAAP Cash Margins on Company Produced ($/Ton) | $ | 80 | $ | 68 | 18 % | $ | 128 | (38) % | ||
Net Income ($mm) | $ | 25.3 | $ | 14.4 | 76 % | $ | 41.5 | (39) % | ||
Diluted Earnings per Share | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.32 | 75 % | $ | 0.92 | (39) % | ||
Adjusted EBITDA ($mm) | $ | 48.3 | $ | 31.9 | 51 % | $ | 64.1 | (25) % | ||
Capex ($mm) | $ | 23.5 | $ | 31.6 | (26) % | $ | 19.7 | 19 % | ||
Adjusted EBITDA less Capex ($ mm) | $ | 24.7 | $ | 0.3 | 7985 % | $ | 44.3 | (44) % |
* Adjusted to include the royalty savings from the Ramaco Coal transaction for 1Q22. Excludes |
FIRST QUARTER 2023 PERFORMANCE
In the following paragraphs, all references to "quarterly" periods or to "the quarter" refer to the first quarter of 2023, unless specified otherwise.
Year over Year Quarterly Comparison
Overall production in the quarter was 834,000 tons, up
Cash margins on Company produced coal were
Company produced cash mine costs excluding transportation and idle mine costs were
Sequential Fourth Quarter Comparison
Overall production of 834,000 tons in the first quarter of 2023 was up 139,000 tons compared with the fourth quarter of 2022, as new mines ramped up production. Total sales volume of 757,000 tons was up
Cash margins on Company produced coal were
BALANCE SHEET AND LIQUIDITY
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had liquidity of
Compared to December 31, 2022, accounts receivable increased by
First quarter capital expenditures totaled
The Company's effective quarterly tax rate was
In February 2023, KeyBank, N.A. ("KeyBank") led a syndicate of five banks that increased the Company's overall revolving credit facility to
The following summarizes key sales, production and financial metrics for the periods noted:
Three months ended | |||||||||
March 31, | December 31, | March 31, | |||||||
In thousands, except per ton amounts | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 | ||||||
Sales Volume (tons) | |||||||||
Company | 727 | 643 | 573 | ||||||
Purchased | 29 | 32 | 10 | ||||||
Total | 757 | 675 | 583 | ||||||
Company Production (tons) | |||||||||
Elk Creek Mining Complex | 611 | 537 | 503 | ||||||
Berwind Mining Complex (includes Knox Creek) | 223 | 158 | 163 | ||||||
Total | 834 | 695 | 666 | ||||||
Company Produced Financial Metrics (a) | |||||||||
Average revenue per ton | $ | 185 | $ | 182 | $ | 234 | |||
Average cash costs of coal sold* | 105 | 114 | 106 | ||||||
Average cash margin per ton | $ | 80 | $ | 68 | $ | 128 | |||
Elk Creek Financial Metrics (a) | |||||||||
Average revenue per ton | $ | 194 | $ | 193 | $ | 236 | |||
Average cash costs of coal sold* | 90 | 101 | 98 | ||||||
Average cash margin per ton | $ | 104 | $ | 92 | $ | 138 | |||
Purchased Coal Financial Metrics (a) | |||||||||
Average revenue per ton | $ | 245 | $ | 152 | $ | 354 | |||
Average cash costs of coal sold | 209 | 119 | 300 | ||||||
Average cash margin per ton | $ | 36 | $ | 33 | $ | 54 | |||
Capital Expenditures | $ | 23,546 | $ | 31,628 | $ | 19,742 |
(a) | Excludes transportation. Cash costs of coal sold are defined and reconciled under "Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures." | ||
* Adjusted to include the royalty savings from the Ramaco Coal transaction for 1Q22. Excludes |
FINANCIAL GUIDANCE | |||||
(In thousands, except per ton amounts and percentages) | |||||
Full-Year | Full-Year | ||||
2023 Guidance | 2022 | ||||
Company Production (tons) | |||||
Elk Creek Mining Complex | 2,200 - 2,400 | 2,033 | |||
Berwind & Knox Creek Mining Complex | 900 - 1,200 | 651 | |||
Total | 3,100 - 3,600 | 2,684 | |||
Sales (tons) (a) | 3,300 - 3,800 | 2,450 | |||
Cash Costs Per Ton - Company Produced (b) | $ | 97 - 103 | $ | 105 | |
Other | |||||
Capital Expenditures (c) | $ | 65,000 - 80,000 | $ | 123,012 | |
Selling, general and administrative expense (d) | $ | 34,000 - 37,000 | $ | 31,810 | |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense | $ | 48,000 - 52,000 | $ | 41,194 | |
Interest expense, net | $ | 9,000 - 10,000 | $ | 6,829 | |
Effective tax rate (e) | 20 - | 22 % | |||
Cash tax rate | 5 - | 11 % | |||
Berwind Idle Costs | $ | 3,000 | $ | 9,474 | |
(a) | 2023 guidance includes a small amount of purchased coal. | |
(b) | Adjusted to include the royalty savings from the Ramaco Coal transaction for 2022. Excludes | |
(c) | Excludes Ramaco Coal and | |
(d) | Excludes stock-based compensation. | |
(e) | Normalized, to exclude discrete items. |
Committed 2023 Sales Volume(a) | |||||
(In millions, except per ton amounts) | |||||
Volume | Average Price | ||||
1.2 | $ | 196 | |||
Seaborne, fixed priced | 0.7 | $ | 200 | ||
Total, fixed priced | 1.9 | $ | 197 | ||
Indexed priced | 0.8 | ||||
Total committed tons | 2.7 |
(a) | Amounts as of March 31, 2023 and includes a small amount of purchased coal. Totals may not add due to rounding. |
ABOUT RAMACO RESOURCES
Ramaco Resources, Inc. is an operator and developer of high-quality, low-cost metallurgical coal in southern
FIRST QUARTER 2023 CONFERENCE CALL
Ramaco Resources will hold its quarterly conference call and webcast at 9:00 AM Eastern Time (ET) on Thursday, May 4, 2023. An accompanying slide deck will be available at https://www.ramacoresources.com/investors-center/events-calendar/ immediately before the conference call.
To participate in the live teleconference on May 4, 2023:
Domestic Live: (800) 274-8461
International Live: (203) 518-9814
Conference ID: METCQ123
Web link: Click Here
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this news release constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements represent Ramaco Resources' expectations or beliefs concerning guidance, future events, anticipated revenue, future demand and production levels, macroeconomic trends, the development of ongoing projects, costs and expectations regarding operating results, and it is possible that the results described in this news release will not be achieved. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of Ramaco Resources' control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. These factors include, without limitation, risks related to the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic, unexpected delays in our current mine development activities, the ability to successfully ramp up production at the
Ramaco Resources, Inc. | ||||||
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||
In thousands, except per share amounts | 2023 | 2022 | ||||
Revenue | $ | 166,360 | $ | 154,882 | ||
Costs and expenses | ||||||
Cost of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below) | 110,549 | 81,253 | ||||
Asset retirement obligations accretion | 350 | 235 | ||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 11,852 | 8,680 | ||||
Selling, general and administrative | 11,742 | 11,824 | ||||
Total costs and expenses | 134,493 | 101,992 | ||||
Operating income | 31,867 | 52,890 | ||||
Other income, net | 1,247 | 366 | ||||
Interest expense, net | (2,309) | (1,130) | ||||
Income before tax | 30,805 | 52,126 | ||||
Income tax expense | 5,548 | 10,655 | ||||
Net income | $ | 25,257 | $ | 41,471 | ||
Earnings per common share | ||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.94 | ||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.92 | ||
Basic weighted average shares outstanding | 44,281 | 44,181 | ||||
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 44,692 | 44,908 | ||||
Ramaco Resources, Inc. Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets | ||||||
In thousands, except per-share amounts | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||
Assets | ||||||
Current assets | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 36,616 | $ | 35,613 | ||
Accounts receivable | 71,099 | 41,174 | ||||
Inventories | 50,971 | 44,973 | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other | 19,005 | 25,729 | ||||
Total current assets | 177,691 | 147,489 | ||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 444,075 | 429,842 | ||||
Financing lease right-of-use assets, net | 12,443 | 12,905 | ||||
Advanced coal royalties | 3,277 | 3,271 | ||||
Other | 3,830 | 2,832 | ||||
Total Assets | $ | 641,316 | $ | 596,339 | ||
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | ||||||
Liabilities | ||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 49,850 | $ | 34,825 | ||
Accrued expenses | 33,070 | 41,806 | ||||
Asset retirement obligations | 29 | 29 | ||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 29,684 | 35,639 | ||||
Current portion of related party debt | 30,000 | 40,000 | ||||
Current portion of financing lease obligations | 6,114 | 5,969 | ||||
Insurance financing liability | 2,415 | 4,577 | ||||
Total current liabilities | 151,162 | 162,845 | ||||
Asset retirement obligations | 29,206 | 28,856 | ||||
Long-term debt, net | 45,567 | 18,757 | ||||
Long-term financing lease obligations, net | 3,980 | 4,917 | ||||
Senior notes, net | 32,945 | 32,830 | ||||
Deferred tax liability, net | 37,791 | 35,637 | ||||
Other long-term liabilities | 3,742 | 3,299 | ||||
Total liabilities | 304,393 | 287,141 | ||||
Commitments and contingencies | — | — | ||||
Stockholders' Equity | ||||||
Preferred stock, | — | — | ||||
Common stock, | 444 | 442 | ||||
Additional paid-in capital | 171,531 | 168,711 | ||||
Retained earnings | 164,948 | 140,045 | ||||
Total stockholders' equity | 336,923 | 309,198 | ||||
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | $ | 641,316 | $ | 596,339 | ||
Ramaco Resources, Inc. Unaudited Statement of Cash Flows | |||||||
Three months ended March 31, | |||||||
In thousands | 2023 | 2022 | |||||
Cash flows from operating activities | |||||||
Net income | $ | 25,257 | $ | 41,471 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: | |||||||
Accretion of asset retirement obligations | 350 | 235 | |||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 11,852 | 8,680 | |||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 149 | 121 | |||||
Stock-based compensation | 2,937 | 1,887 | |||||
Deferred income taxes | 2,154 | 5,015 | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||
Accounts receivable | (29,925) | (3,194) | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 4,779 | 1,807 | |||||
Inventories | (5,998) | (3,752) | |||||
Other assets and liabilities | (823) | (591) | |||||
Accounts payable | 13,902 | 18,653 | |||||
Accrued expenses | (3,272) | 7,037 | |||||
Net cash from operating activities | 21,362 | 77,369 | |||||
Cash flow from investing activities: | |||||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (23,546) | (19,742) | |||||
1,182 | — | ||||||
Net cash from investing activities | (22,364) | (19,742) | |||||
Cash flows from financing activities | |||||||
Proceeds from borrowings | 45,000 | 1,337 | |||||
Payments of dividends | (5,556) | (4,998) | |||||
Repayment of borrowings | (24,145) | (2,519) | |||||
Repayment of Ramaco Coal acquisition financing - related party | (10,000) | — | |||||
Repayments of financed insurance payable | (1,433) | (105) | |||||
Repayments of financing leased equipment | (1,746) | (1,635) | |||||
Shares surrendered for withholding taxes payable | (115) | — | |||||
Net cash from financing activities | 2,005 | (7,920) | |||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | 1,003 | 49,707 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 36,473 | 22,806 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 37,476 | $ | 72,513 | |||
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is used as a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure by management and external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income plus net interest expense; equity-based compensation; depreciation, depletion, and amortization expenses; income taxes; certain non-operating expenses (charitable contributions), and accretion of asset retirement obligations. Its most comparable GAAP measure is net income. A reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA is included below. Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to serve as a substitute for GAAP measures of performance and may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures presented by other companies.
(In thousands) | Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||
Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 25,257 | $ | 14,386 | $ | 41,471 | |||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 11,852 | 11,296 | 8,680 | ||||||
Interest expense, net | 2,309 | 1,506 | 1,130 | ||||||
Income tax expense | 5,548 | 3,085 | 10,655 | ||||||
EBITDA | 44,966 | 30,273 | 61,936 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 2,937 | 2,031 | 1,887 | ||||||
Accretion of asset retirement obligations | 350 | (370) | 235 | ||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 48,253 | $ | 31,934 | $ | 64,058 |
Non-GAAP revenue and cash cost per ton
Non-GAAP revenue per ton (FOB mine) is calculated as coal sales revenue less transportation costs, divided by tons sold. Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold is calculated as cash cost of coal sales less transportation costs and idle mine costs, divided by tons sold. We believe revenue per ton (FOB mine) and cash cost per ton provides useful information to investors as these enable investors to compare revenue per ton and cash cost per ton for the Company against similar measures made by other publicly-traded coal companies and more effectively monitor changes in coal prices and costs from period to period excluding the impact of transportation costs, which are beyond our control. The adjustments made to arrive at these measures are significant in understanding and assessing the Company's financial performance. Revenue per ton sold (FOB mine) and cash cost per ton are not measures of financial performance in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered as a substitute to revenue and cost of sales under GAAP. The tables below show how we calculate non-GAAP revenue and cash cost per ton:
Non-GAAP revenue per ton
Three months ended March 31, 2023 | Three months ended March 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||
Company | Purchased | Company | Purchased | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per ton amounts) | Produced | Coal | Total | Produced | Coal | Total | ||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 158,959 | $ | 7,401 | $ | 166,360 | $ | 150,929 | $ | 3,953 | $ | 154,882 | ||||||
Less: Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine) | ||||||||||||||||||
Transportation costs | (24,270) | (176) | (24,446) | (17,131) | (239) | (17,370) | ||||||||||||
Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine) | $ | 134,689 | $ | 7,225 | $ | 141,914 | $ | 133,798 | $ | 3,714 | $ | 137,512 | ||||||
Tons sold | 727 | 29 | 757 | 573 | 10 | 583 | ||||||||||||
Revenue per ton sold (FOB mine) | $ | 185 | $ | 245 | $ | 188 | $ | 234 | $ | 354 | $ | 236 |
Three months ended December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
Company | Purchased | ||||||||
(In thousands, except per ton amounts) | Produced | Coal | Total | ||||||
Revenue | $ | 129,772 | $ | 5,455 | $ | 135,227 | |||
Less: Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine) | |||||||||
Transportation costs | (12,550) | (574) | (13,124) | ||||||
Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine) | $ | 117,222 | $ | 4,881 | $ | 122,103 | |||
Tons sold | 643 | 32 | 675 | ||||||
Revenue per ton sold (FOB mine) | $ | 182 | $ | 152 | $ | 181 |
Non-GAAP cash cost per ton
Three months ended March 31, 2023 | Three months ended March 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||
Company | Purchased | Company | Purchased | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per ton amounts) | Produced | Coal | Total | Produced | Coal | Total | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | $ | 104,246 | $ | 6,303 | $ | 110,549 | $ | 77,863 | $ | 3,390 | $ | 81,253 | ||||||
Less: Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP cash cost of sales | ||||||||||||||||||
Transportation costs | (24,347) | (134) | (24,481) | (17,134) | (239) | (17,373) | ||||||||||||
Idle mine costs | (2,559) | — | (2,559) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Non-GAAP cash cost of sales | $ | 77,340 | $ | 6,169 | $ | 83,509 | $ | 60,729 | $ | 3,151 | $ | 63,880 | ||||||
Tons sold | 727 | 29 | 757 | 573 | 10 | 583 | ||||||||||||
Cash cost per ton sold | $ | 105 | $ | 209 | $ | 110 | $ | 106 | $ | 300 | $ | 110 |
Three months ended December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
Company | Purchased | ||||||||
(In thousands, except per ton amounts) | Produced | Coal | Total | ||||||
Cost of sales | $ | 91,014 | $ | 4,416 | $ | 95,430 | |||
Less: Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP cash cost of sales | |||||||||
Transportation costs | (12,551) | (574) | (13,125) | ||||||
Idle mine costs | (4,437) | — | (4,437) | ||||||
Non-GAAP cash cost of sales | $ | 74,026 | $ | 3,842 | $ | 77,868 | |||
Tons sold | 643 | 32 | 675 | ||||||
Cash cost per ton sold | $ | 114 | $ | 119 | $ | 115 |
We do not provide reconciliations of our outlook for cash cost per ton to cost of sales in reliance on the unreasonable efforts exception provided for under Item 10(e)(1)(i)(B) of Regulation S-K. We are unable, without unreasonable efforts, to forecast certain items required to develop the meaningful comparable GAAP cost of sales. These items typically include non-cash asset retirement obligation accretion expenses, mine idling expenses and other non-recurring indirect mining expenses that are difficult to predict in advance in order to include a GAAP estimate.
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SOURCE Ramaco Resources, Inc.