LPL Financial Announces First Quarter 2023 Results
Key Financial Results
- Net Income was
$339 million , translating to diluted earnings per share ("EPS") of$4.24 , up159% from a year ago - Adjusted EPS* increased
130% year-over-year to$4.49 - Gross profit* increased
52% year-over-year to$1,020 million - Core G&A* increased
16% year-over-year to$326 million - EBITDA* increased
111% year-over-year to$564 million
- Gross profit* increased
Key Business Results
- Total advisory and brokerage assets increased
1% year-over-year to$1.18 trillion - Advisory assets decreased
1% year-over-year to$621 billion - Advisory assets as a percentage of total assets decreased to
52.8% , down from53.7% a year ago
- Advisory assets decreased
- Total organic net new assets were
$21 billion , representing7.5% annualized growth- Organic net new advisory assets were
$14 billion , representing9% annualized growth - Organic net new brokerage assets were
$7 billion , representing5% annualized growth
- Organic net new advisory assets were
- Recruited assets(1) were
$13 billion - Recruited assets over the trailing twelve months were
$85 billion , up approximately12% from a year ago
- Recruited assets over the trailing twelve months were
- LPL Services Group had annualized revenue of
$38 million in Q1, up26% from a year ago- Services Group subscriptions were 4,944 at the end of Q1, up 1,415 year-over-year
- Advisor count(2) was 21,521, up 246 sequentially and 1,430 year-over-year
- Total client cash balances were
$55 billion , a decrease of$10 billion sequentially and$7 billion year-over-year- Client cash balances as a percentage of total assets were
4.6% , down from5.8% in the prior quarter and5.3% a year ago
- Client cash balances as a percentage of total assets were
Key Capital and Liquidity Results
- Corporate cash(3) was
$234 million - Leverage ratio(4) was 1.34x
- Share repurchases were
$275 million and dividends paid of$24 million
Key Updates
- BancWest Investment Services ("BWIS"): Following the close of BMO's acquisition of Bank of the West, BMO plans for BWIS to join LPL's Institution Services platform in the second half of 2023. BWIS supports ~85 financial advisors who collectively serve ~
$7.8B of brokerage and advisory assets.** - Fixed Rate ICA Update: Added
$3 billion of fixed rate ICA contracts, increasing fixed rate balances to ~55% of the ICA portfolio, which is within management's target range of 50 -75% . - Debt Rating: S&P upgraded LPL to a rating of BBB- on April 5, 2023, establishing us as an investment grade credit with both of our rating agencies.
*See the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section and the endnotes to this release for further details about these non-GAAP financial measures.
**Estimates are based on prior business reported by BWIS, which has not been independently and fully verified by LPL Financial.
SAN DIEGO, April 27, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- LPL Financial Holdings Inc. (Nasdaq: LPLA) (the “Company”) today announced results for its first quarter ended March 31, 2023, reporting net income of
"Over the past quarter, we remained focused on our mission of taking care of our advisors, so they can take care of their clients,” said Dan Arnold, President and CEO. “At the same time, we continued to invest in our model and thus enhance its appeal, which led to another quarter of solid business results and increased market share.”
“As we move into 2023, we remain focused on serving our advisors, growing our business, and delivering shareholder value,” said Matt Audette, CFO and Head of Business Operations. “In Q1, we continued to grow assets organically in both our traditional and new markets, closed two strategic acquisitions, continued our momentum with our liquidity & succession capability, and are preparing to onboard Commerce Bank and Bank of the West in the second half of the year. As we look ahead, our business momentum and financial strength position us well to continue creating long-term shareholder value.”
Dividend Declaration
The Company's Board of Directors declared a
Conference Call and Additional Information
The Company will hold a conference call to discuss its results at 5:00 p.m. ET on Thursday, April 27. The conference call will be accessible at investor.lpl.com/events, with a replay available until May 18.
Contacts
Investor Relations
investor.relations@lplfinancial.com
(617) 897-4574
Media Relations
media.relations@lplfinancial.com
(980) 321-1232
About LPL Financial
LPL Financial Holdings Inc. (Nasdaq: LPLA) was founded on the principle that the firm should work for the advisor, and not the other way around. Today, LPL is a leader in the markets we serve(5), serving more than 21,000 financial advisors, including advisors at approximately 1,100 enterprises and at approximately 500 registered investment advisor ("RIA") firms nationwide. We are steadfast in our commitment to the advisor-mediated model and the belief that investors deserve access to personalized guidance from a financial advisor. We believe advisors should have the freedom to choose the business model, services and technology they need and to manage their client relationships. Simply put, we take care of our advisors, so they can take care of their clients.
LPL and its affiliated companies provide financial services only from the United States.
Securities and Advisory services offered through LPL Financial LLC ("LPL Financial"), an SEC-registered broker-dealer and investment advisor. Member FINRA/SIPC. We routinely disclose information that may be important to shareholders in the "Investor Relations" or "Press Releases" section of our website.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains statements regarding:
- the amount and timing of the onboarding of acquired or recruited brokerage and advisory assets;
- the Company's future financial and operating results, growth, priorities and business strategies; and
- future capabilities, future advisor service experience, future investments and capital deployment, including share repurchase activity and dividends, if any, and long-term shareholder value.
These and any other statements that are not related to present facts or current conditions, or that are not purely historical, constitute forward-looking statements. They reflect the Company's expectations and objectives as of April 27, 2023 and are not guarantees that expectations or objectives expressed or implied will be achieved. The achievement of such expectations and objectives involves risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results, levels of activity or the timing of events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include:
- difficulties and delays in onboarding the assets of acquired or recruited advisors;
- disruptions in the businesses of the Company that could make it more difficult to maintain relationships with advisors and their clients;
- the choice by clients of acquired or recruited advisors not to open brokerage and/or advisory accounts at the Company;
- changes in general economic and financial market conditions, including retail investor sentiment;
- changes in interest rates and fees payable by banks participating in the Company's client cash programs, including the Company's strategy and success in managing client cash program fees;
- changes in the growth and profitability of the Company's fee-based offerings;
- fluctuations in the levels of advisory and brokerage assets, including net new assets, and the related impact on revenues;
- effects of competition in the financial services industry and the success of the Company in attracting and retaining financial advisors and enterprises;
- whether the retail investors served by newly-recruited advisors choose to move their respective assets to new accounts at the Company;
- the effect of current, pending and future legislation, regulation and regulatory actions, including disciplinary actions imposed by federal and state regulators and self-regulatory organizations;
- the costs of settling and remediating issues related to regulatory matters or legal proceedings, including actual costs of reimbursing customers for losses in excess of our reserves;
- changes made to the Company’s services and pricing, and the effect that such changes may have on the Company’s gross profit streams and costs;
- the execution of the Company's plans and its success in realizing the synergies, expense savings, service improvements and efficiencies expected to result from its initiatives, acquisitions and programs; and
- the other factors set forth in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as may be amended or updated in the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Except as required by law, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of developments occurring after the date of this earnings release, and you should not rely on statements contained herein as representing the Company's view as of any date subsequent to the date of this press release.
LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||
| March 31, | December 31, | March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change | ||||||||||
| REVENUE | ||||||||||||||
| Advisory | $ | 954,057 | $ | 902,440 | 6 | % | $ | 1,047,097 | (9 | %) | ||||
| Asset-based: | ||||||||||||||
| Client cash | 418,275 | 419,215 | — | % | 84,716 | n/m | ||||||||
| Other asset-based | 203,473 | 191,797 | 6 | % | 211,685 | (4 | %) | |||||||
| Total asset-based | 621,748 | 611,012 | 2 | % | 296,401 | 110 | % | |||||||
| Commission: | ||||||||||||||
| Trailing | 317,653 | 311,194 | 2 | % | 345,194 | (8 | %) | |||||||
| Sales-based | 286,072 | 271,089 | 6 | % | 240,331 | 19 | % | |||||||
| Total commission | 603,725 | 582,283 | 4 | % | 585,525 | 3 | % | |||||||
| Service and fee | 118,987 | 120,022 | (1 | %) | 112,812 | 5 | % | |||||||
| Transaction | 48,935 | 46,790 | 5 | % | 46,726 | 5 | % | |||||||
| Interest income, net | 37,358 | 37,168 | 1 | % | 7,745 | n/m | ||||||||
| Other | 33,022 | 33,472 | (1 | %) | (30,613 | ) | n/m | |||||||
| Total revenue | 2,417,832 | 2,333,187 | 4 | % | 2,065,693 | 17 | % | |||||||
| EXPENSE | ||||||||||||||
| Advisory and commission | 1,370,634 | 1,341,743 | 2 | % | 1,374,134 | — | % | |||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 233,533 | 223,952 | 4 | % | 192,034 | 22 | % | |||||||
| Promotional | 98,223 | 80,455 | 22 | % | 87,002 | 13 | % | |||||||
| Occupancy and equipment | 60,173 | 58,144 | 3 | % | 51,112 | 18 | % | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 56,054 | 54,241 | 3 | % | 45,454 | 23 | % | |||||||
| Interest expense on borrowings | 39,184 | 37,082 | 6 | % | 27,211 | 44 | % | |||||||
| Brokerage, clearing and exchange | 26,126 | 19,251 | 36 | % | 22,600 | 16 | % | |||||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | 24,092 | 22,542 | 7 | % | 21,196 | 14 | % | |||||||
| Communications and data processing | 17,675 | 18,525 | (5 | %) | 15,127 | 17 | % | |||||||
| Professional services | 14,220 | 19,336 | (26 | %) | 19,022 | (25 | %) | |||||||
| Other | 33,421 | 38,697 | (14 | %) | 37,422 | (11 | %) | |||||||
| Total expense | 1,973,335 | 1,913,968 | 3 | % | 1,892,314 | 4 | % | |||||||
| INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | 444,497 | 419,219 | 6 | % | 173,379 | 156 | % | |||||||
| PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | 105,613 | 100,137 | 5 | % | 39,635 | 166 | % | |||||||
| NET INCOME | $ | 338,884 | $ | 319,082 | 6 | % | $ | 133,744 | 153 | % | ||||
| EARNINGS PER SHARE | ||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share, basic | $ | 4.30 | $ | 4.01 | 7 | % | $ | 1.67 | 157 | % | ||||
| Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 4.24 | $ | 3.95 | 7 | % | $ | 1.64 | 159 | % | ||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic | 78,750 | 79,483 | (1 | %) | 79,976 | (2 | %) | |||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, diluted | 79,974 | 80,875 | (1 | %) | 81,572 | (2 | %) | |||||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (In thousands, except share data) (Unaudited) | |||||||
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||
| Cash and equivalents | $ | 469,785 | $ | 847,519 | |||
| Cash and equivalents segregated under federal or other regulations | 1,807,283 | 2,199,362 | |||||
| Restricted cash | 105,587 | 90,389 | |||||
| Receivables from clients, net | 582,055 | 561,569 | |||||
| Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations | 51,596 | 56,276 | |||||
| Advisor loans, net | 1,154,298 | 1,123,004 | |||||
| Other receivables, net | 695,088 | 677,766 | |||||
| Investment securities ( | 50,807 | 52,610 | |||||
| Property and equipment, net | 816,496 | 780,357 | |||||
| Goodwill | 1,765,890 | 1,642,468 | |||||
| Other intangibles, net | 580,063 | 427,676 | |||||
| Other assets | 1,088,857 | 1,023,230 | |||||
| Total assets | $ | 9,167,805 | $ | 9,482,226 | |||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||
| LIABILITIES: | |||||||
| Client payables | $ | 2,132,621 | $ | 2,694,929 | |||
| Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations | 112,706 | 147,752 | |||||
| Accrued advisory and commission expenses payable | 195,607 | 203,292 | |||||
| Corporate debt and other borrowings, net | 2,850,791 | 2,717,444 | |||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 397,735 | 448,630 | |||||
| Other liabilities | 1,285,412 | 1,102,627 | |||||
| Total liabilities | 6,974,872 | 7,314,674 | |||||
| STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | |||||||
| Common stock, | 130 | 130 | |||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 1,933,988 | 1,912,886 | |||||
| Treasury stock, at cost — 51,748,968 shares and 50,407,844 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively | (3,159,714 | ) | (2,846,536 | ) | |||
| Retained earnings | 3,418,529 | 3,101,072 | |||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 2,192,933 | 2,167,552 | |||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 9,167,805 | $ | 9,482,226 | |||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Management's Statements of Operations (In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| Certain information in this release is presented as reviewed by the Company’s management and includes information derived from the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income, non-GAAP financial measures and operational and performance metrics. For information on non-GAAP financial measures, please see the section titled"Non-GAAP Financial Measures"in this release. | ||||||||||||||
| Quarterly Results | ||||||||||||||
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change | Q1 2022 | Change | ||||||||||
| Gross Profit(6) | ||||||||||||||
| Advisory | $ | 954,057 | $ | 902,440 | 6 | % | $ | 1,047,097 | (9 | %) | ||||
| Trailing commissions | 317,653 | 311,194 | 2 | % | 345,194 | (8 | %) | |||||||
| Sales-based commissions | 286,072 | 271,089 | 6 | % | 240,331 | 19 | % | |||||||
| Advisory fees and commissions | 1,557,782 | 1,484,723 | 5 | % | 1,632,622 | (5 | %) | |||||||
| Production-based payout(7) | (1,342,668 | ) | (1,313,026 | ) | 2 | % | (1,405,698 | ) | (4 | %) | ||||
| Advisory fees and commissions, net of payout | 215,114 | 171,697 | 25 | % | 226,924 | (5 | %) | |||||||
| Client cash(8) | 438,612 | 439,181 | — | % | 84,721 | n/m | ||||||||
| Other asset-based(9) | 203,473 | 191,797 | 6 | % | 211,991 | (4 | %) | |||||||
| Service and fee | 118,987 | 120,022 | (1 | %) | 112,812 | 5 | % | |||||||
| Transaction | 48,935 | 46,790 | 5 | % | 46,726 | 5 | % | |||||||
| Interest income and other, net(10) | 20,960 | 21,957 | (5 | %) | 8,385 | 150 | % | |||||||
| Total net advisory fees and commissions and attachment revenue | 1,046,081 | 991,444 | 6 | % | 691,559 | 51 | % | |||||||
| Brokerage, clearing and exchange expense | (26,126 | ) | (19,251 | ) | 36 | % | (22,600 | ) | 16 | % | ||||
| Gross Profit(6) | 1,019,955 | 972,193 | 5 | % | 668,959 | 52 | % | |||||||
| G&A Expense | ||||||||||||||
| Core G&A(11) | 326,177 | 327,040 | — | % | 280,907 | 16 | % | |||||||
| Regulatory charges | 7,732 | 9,325 | (17 | %) | 7,323 | 6 | % | |||||||
| Promotional (ongoing)(12)(13) | 101,163 | 84,077 | 20 | % | 87,411 | 16 | % | |||||||
| Acquisition costs(13) | 3,092 | 6,435 | (52 | %) | 13,323 | (77 | %) | |||||||
| Employee share-based compensation | 17,964 | 12,232 | 47 | % | 12,755 | 41 | % | |||||||
| Total G&A | 456,128 | 439,109 | 4 | % | 401,719 | 14 | % | |||||||
| EBITDA(14) | 563,827 | 533,084 | 6 | % | 267,240 | 111 | % | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 56,054 | 54,241 | 3 | % | 45,454 | 23 | % | |||||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | 24,092 | 22,542 | 7 | % | 21,196 | 14 | % | |||||||
| Interest expense on borrowings | 39,184 | 37,082 | 6 | % | 27,211 | 44 | % | |||||||
| INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | 444,497 | 419,219 | 6 | % | 173,379 | 156 | % | |||||||
| PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | 105,613 | 100,137 | 5 | % | 39,635 | 166 | % | |||||||
| NET INCOME | $ | 338,884 | $ | 319,082 | 6 | % | $ | 133,744 | 153 | % | ||||
| Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 4.24 | $ | 3.95 | 7 | % | $ | 1.64 | 159 | % | ||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, diluted | 79,974 | 80,875 | (1 | %) | 81,572 | (2 | %) | |||||||
| Adjusted EPS(15) | $ | 4.49 | $ | 4.21 | 7 | % | $ | 1.95 | 130 | % | ||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Operating Metrics (Dollars in billions, except where noted) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change | Q1 2022 | Change | ||||||||
| Market Drivers | ||||||||||||
| S&P 500 Index (end of period) | 4,109 | 3,840 | 4,530 | ( | ||||||||
| Russell 2000 Index (end of period) | 1,802 | 1,761 | 2,070 | ( | ||||||||
| Fed Funds daily effective rate (average bps) | 452 | 366 | 86bps | 12 | 440bps | |||||||
| Advisory and Brokerage Assets(16) | ||||||||||||
| Advisory assets | $ | 620.9 | $ | 583.1 | $ | 624.3 | ( | |||||
| Brokerage assets | 554.3 | 527.7 | 538.8 | |||||||||
| Total Advisory and Brokerage Assets | $ | 1,175.2 | $ | 1,110.8 | $ | 1,163.1 | ||||||
| Advisory as a % of Total Advisory and Brokerage Assets | 52.8 | % | 52.5 | % | 30bps | 53.7 | % | (90bps) | ||||
| Assets by Platform | ||||||||||||
| Corporate advisory assets(17) | $ | 415.3 | $ | 389.1 | $ | 415.8 | —% | |||||
| Independent RIA advisory assets(17) | 205.6 | 194.0 | 208.5 | ( | ||||||||
| Brokerage assets | 554.3 | 527.7 | 538.8 | |||||||||
| Total Advisory and Brokerage Assets | $ | 1,175.2 | $ | 1,110.8 | $ | 1,163.1 | ||||||
| Centrally Managed Assets | ||||||||||||
| Centrally managed assets(18) | $ | 94.6 | $ | 89.2 | $ | 93.8 | ||||||
| Centrally Managed as a % of Total Advisory Assets | 15.2 | % | 15.3 | % | (10bps) | 15.0 | % | 20bps | ||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Operating Metrics (Dollars in billions, except where noted) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change | Q1 2022 | Change | ||||||||
| Net New Assets (NNA)(19) | ||||||||||||
| Net new advisory assets | $ | 14.6 | $ | 12.6 | n/m | $ | 17.4 | n/m | ||||
| Net new brokerage assets | 9.9 | 8.6 | n/m | 0.2 | n/m | |||||||
| Total Net New Assets | $ | 24.5 | $ | 21.3 | n/m | $ | 17.6 | n/m | ||||
| Organic Net New Assets | ||||||||||||
| Organic net new advisory assets | $ | 13.7 | $ | 12.6 | n/m | $ | 17.4 | n/m | ||||
| Organic net new brokerage assets | 7.1 | 8.6 | n/m | 0.2 | n/m | |||||||
| Total Organic Net New Assets | $ | 20.8 | $ | 21.3 | n/m | $ | 17.6 | n/m | ||||
| Net brokerage to advisory conversions(20) | $ | 2.1 | $ | 1.5 | n/m | $ | 2.9 | n/m | ||||
| Organic advisory NNA annualized growth(21) | 9.4 | % | 9.3 | % | n/m | 10.8 | % | n/m | ||||
| Total organic NNA annualized growth(21) | 7.5 | % | 8.2 | % | n/m | 5.8 | % | n/m | ||||
| Net New Advisory Assets(19) | ||||||||||||
| Corporate RIA net new advisory assets | $ | 10.4 | $ | 8.4 | n/m | $ | 10.6 | n/m | ||||
| Independent RIA net new advisory assets | 4.2 | 4.3 | n/m | 6.8 | n/m | |||||||
| Total Net New Advisory Assets | $ | 14.6 | $ | 12.6 | n/m | $ | 17.4 | n/m | ||||
| Centrally managed net new advisory assets(19) | $ | 1.7 | $ | 1.3 | n/m | $ | 3.3 | n/m | ||||
| Client Cash Balances(22) | ||||||||||||
| Insured cash account sweep | $ | 39.7 | $ | 46.8 | ( | $ | 32.6 | |||||
| Deposit cash account sweep | 10.2 | 11.5 | ( | 9.4 | ||||||||
| Total Bank Sweep | 49.9 | 58.4 | ( | 42.0 | ||||||||
| Money market sweep | 2.6 | 3.0 | ( | 18.2 | ( | |||||||
| Total Client Cash Sweep Held by Third Parties | 52.5 | 61.4 | ( | 60.2 | ( | |||||||
| Client cash account | 2.1 | 2.7 | ( | 1.6 | ||||||||
| Total Client Cash Balances | $ | 54.6 | $ | 64.1 | ( | $ | 61.7 | ( | ||||
| Client Cash Balances as a % of Total Assets | 4.6 | % | 5.8 | % | (120bps) | 5.3 | % | (70bps) | ||||
| Client Cash Balances Average Yields - bps(23) | ||||||||||||
| Insured cash account sweep | 320 | 291 | 29 | 102 | 218 | |||||||
| Deposit cash account sweep | 318 | 254 | 64 | 24 | 294 | |||||||
| Money market sweep | 30 | 32 | (2) | 7 | 23 | |||||||
| Client cash account(24) | 400 | 322 | 78 | 13 | 387 | |||||||
| Total Client Cash Balances Average Yield - bps | 308 | 273 | 35 | 59 | 249 | |||||||
| Net buy (sell) activity(25) | $ | 36.9 | $ | 25.0 | n/m | $ | 11.0 | n/m | ||||
Note: Totals may not foot due to rounding. | ||||||||||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Monthly Metrics (Dollars in billions, except where noted) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| March 2023 | February 2023 | Change | January 2023 | December 2022 | ||||||||||
| Advisory and Brokerage Assets(16) | ||||||||||||||
| Advisory assets | $ | 620.9 | $ | 606.1 | $ | 615.2 | $ | 583.1 | ||||||
| Brokerage assets | 554.3 | 541.7 | 549.7 | 527.7 | ||||||||||
| Total Advisory and Brokerage Assets | $ | 1,175.2 | $ | 1,147.8 | $ | 1,164.9 | $ | 1,110.8 | ||||||
| Net New Assets (NNA)(19) | ||||||||||||||
| Net new advisory assets | $ | 6.3 | $ | 4.3 | n/m | $ | 4.0 | $ | 7.4 | |||||
| Net new brokerage assets | 4.3 | 1.0 | n/m | 4.6 | 4.2 | |||||||||
| Total Net New Assets | $ | 10.6 | $ | 5.2 | n/m | $ | 8.6 | $ | 11.7 | |||||
| Net brokerage to advisory conversions(20) | $ | 0.7 | $ | 0.8 | n/m | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.5 | |||||
| Organic Net New Assets (NNA) | ||||||||||||||
| Net new advisory assets | $ | 6.3 | $ | 4.3 | n/m | $ | 3.1 | $ | 7.4 | |||||
| Net new brokerage assets | 3.9 | 1.0 | n/m | 2.2 | 4.2 | |||||||||
| Total Organic Net New Assets | $ | 10.1 | $ | 5.2 | n/m | $ | 5.4 | $ | 11.7 | |||||
| Client Cash Balances(22) | ||||||||||||||
| Insured cash account sweep | $ | 39.7 | $ | 40.7 | ( | $ | 43.5 | $ | 46.8 | |||||
| Deposit cash account sweep | 10.2 | 10.3 | ( | 10.8 | 11.5 | |||||||||
| Total Bank Sweep | 49.9 | 51.0 | ( | 54.3 | 58.4 | |||||||||
| Money market sweep | 2.6 | 2.8 | ( | 2.9 | 3.0 | |||||||||
| Total Client Cash Sweep Held by Third Parties | 52.5 | 53.8 | ( | 57.2 | 61.4 | |||||||||
| Client cash account | 2.1 | 2.4 | ( | 2.5 | 2.7 | |||||||||
| Total Client Cash Balances | $ | 54.6 | $ | 56.2 | ( | $ | 59.7 | $ | 64.1 | |||||
| Net buy (sell) activity(25) | $ | 13.4 | $ | 12.4 | n/m | $ | 11.1 | $ | 7.9 | |||||
| Market Drivers | ||||||||||||||
| S&P 500 index (end of period) | 4,109 | 3,970 | 4,077 | 3,840 | ||||||||||
| Russell 2000 Index (end of period) | 1,802 | 1,897 | ( | 1,932 | 1,761 | |||||||||
| Fed funds effective rate (average bps) | 465 | 457 | 8bps | 433 | 409 | |||||||||
Note: Totals may not foot due to rounding. | ||||||||||||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Financial Measures (Dollars in thousands, except where noted) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change | Q1 2022 | Change | ||||||||
| Commission Revenue by Product | ||||||||||||
| Annuities | $ | 344,061 | $ | 331,251 | $ | 299,734 | ||||||
| Mutual funds | 165,038 | 157,961 | 189,527 | ( | ||||||||
| Fixed income | 35,267 | 32,249 | 25,205 | |||||||||
| Equities | 25,890 | 25,626 | 34,633 | ( | ||||||||
| Other | 33,469 | 35,196 | ( | 36,426 | ( | |||||||
| Total commission revenue | $ | 603,725 | $ | 582,283 | $ | 585,525 | ||||||
| Commission Revenue by Sales-based and Trailing | ||||||||||||
| Sales-based commissions | ||||||||||||
| Annuities | $ | 162,176 | $ | 153,863 | $ | 106,733 | ||||||
| Mutual funds | 37,477 | 33,601 | 47,545 | ( | ||||||||
| Fixed income | 35,267 | 32,249 | 25,205 | |||||||||
| Equities | 25,890 | 25,626 | 34,633 | ( | ||||||||
| Other | 25,262 | 25,750 | ( | 26,215 | ( | |||||||
| Total sales-based commissions | $ | 286,072 | $ | 271,089 | $ | 240,331 | ||||||
| Trailing commissions | ||||||||||||
| Annuities | $ | 181,885 | $ | 177,388 | $ | 193,001 | ( | |||||
| Mutual funds | 127,561 | 124,360 | 141,982 | ( | ||||||||
| Other | 8,207 | 9,446 | ( | 10,211 | ( | |||||||
| Total trailing commissions | $ | 317,653 | $ | 311,194 | $ | 345,194 | ( | |||||
| Total commission revenue | $ | 603,725 | $ | 582,283 | $ | 585,525 | ||||||
| Payout Rate(7) | 86.19 | % | 88.44 | % | (225bps) | 86.10 | % | 9bps | ||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Capital Management Measures (Dollars in thousands, except where noted) (Unaudited) | |||||||
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | ||||||
| Cash and equivalents | $ | 469,785 | $ | 847,519 | |||
| Cash at regulated subsidiaries | (408,288 | ) | (392,571 | ) | |||
| Excess cash at regulated subsidiaries per the Credit Agreement | 172,705 | 4,439 | |||||
| Corporate Cash(3) | $ | 234,202 | $ | 459,387 | |||
| Corporate Cash(3) | |||||||
| Cash at Parent | $ | 54,603 | $ | 448,180 | |||
| Excess cash at regulated subsidiaries per the Credit Agreement | 172,705 | 4,439 | |||||
| Cash at non-regulated subsidiaries | 6,894 | 6,768 | |||||
| Corporate Cash | $ | 234,202 | $ | 459,387 | |||
| Leverage Ratio | |||||||
| Total debt | $ | 2,870,225 | $ | 2,737,900 | |||
| Total corporate cash | 234,202 | 459,387 | |||||
| Credit Agreement Net Debt | $ | 2,636,023 | $ | 2,278,513 | |||
| Credit Agreement EBITDA (trailing twelve months)(26) | $ | 1,963,737 | $ | 1,639,114 | |||
| Leverage Ratio | 1.34x | 1.39x | |||||
| March 31, 2023 | ||||||||
| Total Debt | Balance | Current Applicable Margin | Interest Rate | Maturity | ||||
| Revolving Credit Facility(a)(b) | $ | 135,000 | ABR+25 bps | 8.250 | % | 3/15/2026 | ||
| Broker-Dealer Revolving Credit Facility(c) | — | SOFR+135 bps | 6.220 | % | 8/3/2023 | |||
| Senior Secured Term Loan B(b) | 1,035,225 | LIBOR+175 bps(d) | 6.412 | % | 11/12/2026 | |||
| Senior Unsecured Notes | 400,000 | 4.625 | % | 11/15/2027 | ||||
| Senior Unsecured Notes | 900,000 | 4.000 | % | 3/15/2029 | ||||
| Senior Unsecured Notes | 400,000 | 4.375 | % | 5/15/2031 | ||||
| Total / Weighted Average | $ | 2,870,225 | 5.209 | % | ||||
(a) Secured borrowing capacity of (b) In March 2023, we amended our Credit Agreement to transition our Parent Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan B from LIBOR-based to SOFR-based interest rates, which became effective in March and April 2023, respectively. (c) Unsecured borrowing capacity of (d) The LIBOR rate option is one-month LIBOR rate and subject to an interest rate floor of 0 basis points. | ||||||||
| LPL Financial Holdings Inc. Key Business and Financial Metrics (Dollars in thousands, except where noted) (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change | Q1 2022 | Change | ||||||||
| Advisors | ||||||||||||
| Advisors | 21,521 | 21,275 | 20,091 | |||||||||
| Net new advisors | 246 | 231 | n/m | 215 | n/m | |||||||
| Annualized advisory fees and commissions per advisor(27) | $ | 291 | $ | 281 | $ | 327 | ( | |||||
| Average total assets per advisor ($ in millions)(28) | $ | 54.6 | $ | 52.2 | $ | 57.9 | ( | |||||
| Transition assistance loan amortization ($ in millions)(29) | $ | 46.7 | $ | 45.4 | $ | 41.4 | ||||||
| Total client accounts (in millions) | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.3 | |||||||||
| Employees | 6,648 | 6,415 | 6,051 | |||||||||
| Services Group | ||||||||||||
| Services Group subscriptions(30) | ||||||||||||
| Professional Services | 1,753 | 1,484 | 1,328 | |||||||||
| Business Optimizers | 2,955 | 2,802 | 2,138 | |||||||||
| Planning and Advice | 236 | 193 | 63 | n/m | ||||||||
| Total Services Group subscriptions | 4,944 | 4,479 | 3,529 | |||||||||
| Services Group advisor count | 3,324 | 3,039 | 2,481 | |||||||||
| AUM retention rate (quarterly annualized)(31) | 98.7 | % | 98.2 | % | 50bps | 98.3 | % | 40bps | ||||
| Capital Management | ||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures ($ in millions)(32) | $ | 101.3 | $ | 74.4 | $ | 73.5 | ||||||
| Share repurchases ($ in millions) | $ | 275.0 | $ | 150.0 | $ | 50.0 | n/m | |||||
| Dividends ($ in millions) | 23.6 | 19.9 | 20.0 | |||||||||
| Total Capital Returned ($ in millions) | $ | 298.6 | $ | 169.9 | $ | 70.0 | n/m | |||||
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Management believes that presenting certain non-GAAP financial measures by excluding or including certain items can be helpful to investors and analysts who may wish to use this information to analyze the Company’s current performance, prospects and valuation. Management uses this non-GAAP information internally to evaluate operating performance and in formulating the budget for future periods. Management believes that the non-GAAP financial measures and metrics discussed below are appropriate for evaluating the performance of the Company.
Adjusted EPS and Adjusted net income
Adjusted EPS is defined as adjusted net income, a non-GAAP measure defined as net income plus the after-tax impact of amortization of other intangibles and acquisition costs, divided by the weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding for the applicable period. The Company presents adjusted net income and adjusted EPS because management believes that these metrics can provide investors with useful insight into the Company’s core operating performance by excluding non-cash items and acquisition costs that management does not believe impact the Company’s ongoing operations. Adjusted net income and adjusted EPS are not measures of the Company's financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income, earnings per diluted share or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP. For a reconciliation of net income and earnings per diluted share to adjusted net income and adjusted EPS, please see the endnote disclosures in this release.
Gross profit
Gross profit is calculated as total revenue less advisory and commission expense; brokerage, clearing and exchange expense; and market fluctuations on employee deferred compensation. All other expense categories, including depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and amortization of other intangibles, are considered general and administrative in nature. Because the Company’s gross profit amounts do not include any depreciation and amortization expense, the Company considers gross profit to be a non-GAAP financial measure that may not be comparable to similar measures used by others in its industry. Management believes that gross profit can provide investors with useful insight into the Company’s core operating performance before indirect costs that are general and administrative in nature. For a calculation of gross profit, please see the endnote disclosures in this release.
Core G&A
Core G&A consists of total expense less the following expenses: advisory and commission; depreciation and amortization; interest expense on borrowings; brokerage, clearing and exchange; amortization of other intangibles; market fluctuations on employee deferred compensation; promotional (ongoing); employee share-based compensation; regulatory charges; and acquisition costs. Management presents core G&A because it believes core G&A reflects the corporate expense categories over which management can generally exercise a measure of control, compared with expense items over which management either cannot exercise control, such as advisory and commission, or which management views as promotional expense necessary to support advisor growth and retention, including conferences and transition assistance. Core G&A is not a measure of the Company’s total expense as calculated in accordance with GAAP. For a reconciliation of the Company's total expense to core G&A, please see the endnote disclosures in this release. The Company does not provide an outlook for its total expense because it contains expense components, such as advisory and commission, that are market-driven and over which the Company cannot exercise control. Accordingly, a reconciliation of the Company’s outlook for total expense to an outlook for core G&A cannot be made available without unreasonable effort.
EBITDA
EBITDA is defined as net income plus interest expense on borrowings, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and amortization of other intangibles. The Company presents EBITDA because management believes that it can be a useful financial metric in understanding the Company’s earnings from operations. EBITDA is not a measure of the Company's financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP. For a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA, please see the endnote disclosures in this release.
Credit Agreement EBITDA
Credit Agreement EBITDA is defined in, and calculated by management in accordance with, the Company's amended and restated credit agreement (“Credit Agreement”) as “Consolidated EBITDA,” which is Consolidated Net Income (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus interest expense on borrowings, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and amortization of other intangibles, and is further adjusted to exclude certain non-cash charges and other adjustments, including unusual or non-recurring charges and gains, and to include future expected cost savings, operating expense reductions or other synergies from certain transactions. The Company presents Credit Agreement EBITDA because management believes that it can be a useful financial metric in understanding the Company’s debt capacity and covenant compliance under its Credit Agreement. Credit Agreement EBITDA is not a measure of the Company's financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP. For a reconciliation of net income to Credit Agreement EBITDA, please see the endnote disclosures in this release.
Endnote Disclosures
(1) Represents the estimated total advisory and brokerage assets expected to transition to the Company's primary broker-dealer subsidiary, LPL Financial, in connection with advisors who transferred their licenses to LPL Financial during the period. The estimate is based on prior business reported by the advisors, which has not been independently and fully verified by LPL Financial. The actual transition of assets to LPL Financial generally occurs over several quarters and the actual amount transitioned may vary from the estimate.
(2) The terms “Financial Advisors” and “Advisors” refer to registered representatives and/or investment advisor representatives affiliated with LPL Financial, an SEC-registered broker-dealer and investment advisor. Year-over-year figure reflects the addition of 562 advisors from CUNA Brokerage Services, Inc. in Q2 2022.
(3) Corporate cash, a component of cash and equivalents, is the sum of cash and equivalents from the following: (1) cash and equivalents held at LPL Holdings, Inc., (2) cash and equivalents held at regulated subsidiaries as defined by the Company's Credit Agreement, which include LPL Financial, Financial Resources Group Investment Services, LLC and The Private Trust Company, N.A., in excess of the capital requirements of the Company's Credit Agreement (which, in the case of LPL Financial and Financial Resources Group Investment Services, LLC, is net capital in excess of
(4) Compliance with the Leverage Ratio is only required under the Company's revolving credit facility.
(5) The Company was named Top RIA custodian (Cerulli Associates, 2022 U.S. RIA Marketplace Report); No. 1 Independent Broker-Dealer in the U.S. (based on total revenues, Financial Planning magazine 1996-2022); and, among third-party providers of brokerage services to banks and credit unions, No. 1 in AUM Growth from Financial Institutions; No. 1 in Market Share of AUM from Financial Institutions; No. 1 in Market Share of Revenue from Financial Institutions; No. 1 on Financial Institution Market Share; No. 1 on Share of Advisors (2021-2022 Kehrer Bielan Research and Consulting Annual TPM Report). Fortune 500 as of June 2021.
(6) Gross profit is a non-GAAP financial measure. Please see a description of gross profit under the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section of this release for additional information. Below is a calculation of gross profit for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 2,417,832 | $ | 2,333,187 | $ | 2,065,693 | ||||
| Advisory and commission expense | 1,370,634 | 1,341,743 | 1,374,134 | |||||||
| Brokerage, clearing and exchange expense | 26,126 | 19,251 | 22,600 | |||||||
| Employee deferred compensation(33) | 1,117 | — | — | |||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 1,019,955 | $ | 972,193 | $ | 668,959 | ||||
(7) Production-based payout is a financial measure calculated as advisory and commission expense plus (less) advisor deferred compensation. The payout rate is calculated by dividing the production-based payout by total advisory and commission revenue. Below is a reconciliation of the Company’s advisory and commission expense to the production-based payout and a calculation of the payout rate for the periods presented (in thousands, except payout rate):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Advisory and commission expense | $ | 1,370,634 | $ | 1,341,743 | $ | 1,374,134 | ||||
| (Less) Plus: Advisor deferred compensation | (27,966 | ) | (28,717 | ) | 31,564 | |||||
| Production-based payout | $ | 1,342,668 | $ | 1,313,026 | $ | 1,405,698 | ||||
| Advisory and commission revenue | $ | 1,557,782 | $ | 1,484,723 | $ | 1,632,622 | ||||
| Payout rate | 86.19 | % | 88.44 | % | 86.10 | % | ||||
(8) Client cash revenue as presented in Management's Statements of Operations is calculated as client cash revenue, which is a component of asset-based revenue on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of income, plus interest income on client cash account ("CCA") balances segregated under federal or other regulations, less revenue from purchased money market funds. Below is a reconciliation of client cash revenue per the condensed consolidated statements of income to client cash revenue per Management's Statements of Operations for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Client cash | $ | 418,275 | $ | 419,215 | $ | 84,716 | ||||
| Plus: Interest income on CCA balances segregated under federal or other regulations(10) | 20,337 | 19,966 | 311 | |||||||
| (Less): Revenue from purchased money market funds(9) | — | — | (306 | ) | ||||||
| Total client cash revenue | $ | 438,612 | $ | 439,181 | $ | 84,721 | ||||
(9) Consists of revenue from the Company's sponsorship programs with financial product manufacturers, omnibus processing and networking services, and revenue from purchased money market funds but does not include fees from client cash programs.
(10) Interest income and other, net is a financial measure calculated as interest income, net plus (less) other revenue, plus (less) deferred compensation, less interest income on CCA balances segregated under federal or other regulations. Below is a reconciliation of interest income, net and other revenue to interest income and other, net for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Interest income, net | $ | 37,358 | $ | 37,168 | $ | 7,745 | ||||
| Plus (Less): Other revenue | 33,022 | 33,472 | (30,613 | ) | ||||||
| (Less) Plus: Deferred compensation(33) | (29,083 | ) | (28,717 | ) | 31,564 | |||||
| (Less): Interest income on CCA balances segregated under federal or other regulations | (20,337 | ) | (19,966 | ) | (311 | ) | ||||
| Interest income and other, net | $ | 20,960 | $ | 21,957 | $ | 8,385 | ||||
(11) Core G&A is a non-GAAP financial measure. Please see a description of core G&A under the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of this release for additional information. Below is a reconciliation of the Company's total expense to core G&A for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Core G&A Reconciliation | ||||||||||
| Total expense | $ | 1,973,335 | $ | 1,913,968 | $ | 1,892,314 | ||||
| Advisory and commission | (1,370,634 | ) | (1,341,743 | ) | (1,374,134 | ) | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (56,054 | ) | (54,241 | ) | (45,454 | ) | ||||
| Interest expense on borrowings | (39,184 | ) | (37,082 | ) | (27,211 | ) | ||||
| Brokerage, clearing and exchange | (26,126 | ) | (19,251 | ) | (22,600 | ) | ||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | (24,092 | ) | (22,542 | ) | (21,196 | ) | ||||
| Employee deferred compensation(33) | (1,117 | ) | — | — | ||||||
| Total G&A | 456,128 | 439,109 | 401,719 | |||||||
| Promotional (ongoing)(12)(13) | (101,163 | ) | (84,077 | ) | (87,411 | ) | ||||
| Employee share-based compensation | (17,964 | ) | (12,232 | ) | (12,755 | ) | ||||
| Regulatory charges | (7,732 | ) | (9,325 | ) | (7,323 | ) | ||||
| Acquisition costs(13) | (3,092 | ) | (6,435 | ) | (13,323 | ) | ||||
| Core G&A | $ | 326,177 | $ | 327,040 | $ | 280,907 | ||||
(12) Promotional (ongoing) includes
(13) Acquisition costs include the costs to setup, onboard and integrate acquired entities. The below table summarizes the primary components of acquisition costs for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Acquisition costs | ||||||||||
| Professional services | $ | 1,606 | $ | 2,434 | $ | 5,558 | ||||
| Compensation and benefits | 875 | 3,543 | 5,651 | |||||||
| Promotional(12) | 210 | 54 | 1,904 | |||||||
| Other | 401 | 404 | 210 | |||||||
| Acquisition costs | $ | 3,092 | $ | 6,435 | $ | 13,323 | ||||
(14) EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. Please see a description of EBITDA under the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section of this release for additional information. Below is a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| EBITDA Reconciliation | ||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 338,884 | $ | 319,082 | $ | 133,744 | ||||
| Interest expense on borrowings | 39,184 | 37,082 | 27,211 | |||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 105,613 | 100,137 | 39,635 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 56,054 | 54,241 | 45,454 | |||||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | 24,092 | 22,542 | 21,196 | |||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 563,827 | $ | 533,084 | $ | 267,240 | ||||
(15) Adjusted net income and adjusted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures. Please see a description of adjusted net income and adjusted EPS under the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of this release for additional information. Below is a reconciliation of net income and earnings per diluted share to adjusted net income and adjusted EPS for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share data):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | |||||||||||||||||
| Amount | Per Share | Amount | Per Share | Amount | Per Share | ||||||||||||||
| Net income / earnings per diluted share | $ | 338,884 | $ | 4.24 | $ | 319,082 | $ | 3.95 | $ | 133,744 | $ | 1.64 | |||||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | 24,092 | 0.30 | 22,542 | 0.28 | 21,196 | 0.26 | |||||||||||||
| Acquisition costs | 3,092 | 0.04 | 6,435 | 0.08 | 13,323 | 0.16 | |||||||||||||
| Tax benefit | (7,152 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (7,659 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (9,078 | ) | (0.11 | ) | |||||||
| Adjusted net income / adjusted EPS | $ | 358,916 | $ | 4.49 | $ | 340,400 | 4.21 | $ | 159,185 | $ | 1.95 | ||||||||
| Diluted share count | 79,974 | 80,875 | 81,572 | ||||||||||||||||
(16) Consists of total advisory and brokerage assets under custody at the Company's primary broker-dealer subsidiary, LPL Financial.
(17) Assets on the Company's corporate advisory platform are serviced by investment advisor representatives of LPL Financial or Allen & Company of Florida, LLC. Assets on the Company's independent RIA advisory platform are serviced by investment advisor representatives of separate registered investment advisor firms rather than representatives of LPL Financial.
(18) Consists of advisory assets in LPL Financial’s Model Wealth Portfolios, Optimum Market Portfolios, Personal Wealth Portfolios and Guided Wealth Portfolios platforms.
(19) Consists of total client deposits into advisory or brokerage accounts less total client withdrawals from advisory or brokerage accounts, plus dividends, plus interest, minus advisory fees. The Company considers conversions from and to brokerage or advisory accounts as deposits and withdrawals, respectively.
(20) Consists of existing custodied assets that converted from brokerage to advisory, less existing custodied assets that converted from advisory to brokerage.
(21) Calculated as annualized current period organic net new assets divided by preceding period assets in their respective categories of advisory assets or total advisory and brokerage assets.
(22) During the second quarter of 2022, the Company updated its definition of client cash balances to include CCA and exclude purchased money market funds. CCA balances include cash that clients have deposited with LPL Financial that is included in Client payables in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Prior period disclosures have been updated to reflect this change as applicable. The following table presents the Company's purchased money market funds for the periods presented (in billions):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| Purchased money market funds | $ | 15.0 | $ | 8.8 | $ | 1.6 | ||||
(23) Calculated by dividing revenue for the period by the average balance during the period.
(24) Calculated by dividing interest income earned on cash held in the CCA for the period by the average CCA balance, excluding cash held in CCA that has been used to fund margin lending, during the period. The remaining cash is primarily held in cash segregated under federal or other regulations in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Cash held in the CCA that has been used to fund margin lending is as follows for the periods presented (in billions):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | Q1 2022 | ||||||||
| CCA balances that have been used to fund margin | $ | 0.5 | $ | 0.5 | $ | 0.5 | ||||
(25) Represents the amount of securities purchased less the amount of securities sold in client accounts custodied with LPL Financial.
(26) EBITDA and Credit Agreement EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. Please see a description of EBITDA and Credit Agreement EBITDA under the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of this release for additional information. Under the Credit Agreement, management calculates Credit Agreement EBITDA for a trailing twelve month period at the end of each fiscal quarter and in doing so may make further adjustments to prior quarters. Below are reconciliations of trailing twelve month net income to trailing twelve month EBITDA and Credit Agreement EBITDA for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Q1 2023 | Q4 2022 | ||||||
| EBITDA and Credit Agreement EBITDA Reconciliations | |||||||
| Net income | $ | 1,050,842 | $ | 845,702 | |||
| Interest expense on borrowings | 138,207 | 126,234 | |||||
| Provision for income taxes | 331,929 | 265,951 | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 210,417 | 199,817 | |||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | 90,456 | 87,560 | |||||
| EBITDA | $ | 1,821,851 | $ | 1,525,264 | |||
| Credit Agreement Adjustments: | |||||||
| Acquisition costs and other | $ | 41,979 | $ | 50,685 | |||
| Employee share-based compensation | 55,259 | 50,050 | |||||
| M&A accretion(34) | 42,031 | 10,570 | |||||
| Advisor share-based compensation | 2,617 | 2,545 | |||||
| Credit Agreement EBITDA | $ | 1,963,737 | $ | 1,639,114 | |||
(27) Calculated based on the average advisor count from the current period and prior periods.
(28) Calculated based on the end of period total advisory and brokerage assets divided by end of period advisor count.
(29) Represents amortization expense on forgivable loans for transition assistance to advisors and enterprises.
(30) Refers to active subscriptions related to professional services offerings (CFO Solutions, Marketing Solutions, Admin Solutions, Advisor Institute, Bookkeeping and Partial Book Sales) and business optimizer offerings (M&A Solutions, Digital Office, Resilience Plans and Assurance Plans), as well as planning and advice services (Paraplanning) for which subscriptions are the number of advisors using the service.
(31) Reflects retention of total advisory and brokerage assets, calculated by deducting quarterly annualized attrition from total advisory and brokerage assets, divided by the prior quarter total advisory and brokerage assets.
(32) Capital expenditures represent cash payments for property and equipment during the period.
(33) During the first quarter of 2023, the Company updated its presentation of employee deferred compensation to be consistent with its presentation of advisor deferred compensation. As a result, gains or losses related to market fluctuations on advisor and employee deferred compensation plans are presented in the same line item as the related increase or decrease in compensation expense for purposes of Management's Statements of Operations. This change has not been applied retroactively as the impact on prior periods was not material.
(34) M&A accretion is an adjustment to reflect the annualized expected run rate EBITDA of an acquisition as permitted by the Credit Agreement for up to eight fiscal quarters following the close of the transaction.
