Alcon Reports Third Quarter 2022 Results
Alcon reported third quarter 2022 sales of $2.1 billion, reflecting a 2% increase year-over-year and a 9% rise in constant currency. Diluted earnings per share were $0.23, while core earnings per share were $0.50, down 7% on a reported basis but up 14% in constant currency. The updated 2022 outlook expects net sales between $8.5 billion and $8.7 billion, with a core operating margin tightening to 18.0%-18.5%. Challenges include foreign currency impacts and supply chain issues. The acquisition of Aerie Pharmaceuticals is anticipated to close in Q4 2022.
- Sales increased 2% YoY, 9% in constant currency.
- Operating margin improved to 9.7%, with core margin at 17.2%.
- Continued strong demand in international markets.
- Acquisition of Aerie Pharmaceuticals expected to enhance product offerings.
- Diluted EPS of $0.23, despite previous year being $0.00.
- Core EPS decreased 7%, though up 14% in constant currency.
- Negative currency impact of 7% on sales.
- Supply chain challenges affecting Vision Care segment.
-
Third quarter 2022 sales of
, up$2.1 billion 2% , or9% constant currency (cc) -
Third quarter 2022 earnings were
per diluted share; core earnings of$0.23 per diluted share, down$0.50 7% , or up14% cc - Updated 2022 outlook reflects strong sales growth and operational leverage, negatively impacted by strong US dollar
Ad Hoc Announcement Pursuant to Art. 53 LR
Third quarter and nine months 2022 key figures
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
Nine months ended
|
||||
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
Net sales ($ millions) |
|
2,124 |
|
2,084 |
|
6,499 |
|
6,088 |
Operating margin (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Core operating margin (%)(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share ($) |
|
0.23 |
|
0.00 |
|
0.87 |
|
0.48 |
Core diluted earnings per share ($)(1) |
|
0.50 |
|
0.54 |
|
1.82 |
|
1.60 |
“Our third quarter results reflect the continued strong operational performance of the business in an extremely challenging macroeconomic environment," said
Third quarter 2022 results
Sales for the third quarter of 2022 were
The following table highlights net sales by segment for the third quarter and first nine months of 2022:
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
Change % |
|
Nine months ended
|
|
Change % |
|||||||||
($ millions unless indicated otherwise) |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
$ |
|
cc(2) |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
$ |
|
cc(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Surgical |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Implantables |
|
392 |
|
375 |
|
5 |
|
|
11 |
|
1,291 |
|
1,106 |
|
17 |
|
23 |
Consumables |
|
618 |
|
594 |
|
4 |
|
|
11 |
|
1,863 |
|
1,749 |
|
7 |
|
12 |
Equipment/other |
|
206 |
|
192 |
|
7 |
|
|
15 |
|
617 |
|
589 |
|
5 |
|
10 |
Total Surgical |
|
1,216 |
|
1,161 |
|
5 |
|
|
12 |
|
3,771 |
|
3,444 |
|
9 |
|
15 |
Vision Care |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contact lenses |
|
558 |
|
562 |
|
(1 |
) |
|
7 |
|
1,662 |
|
1,606 |
|
3 |
|
10 |
Ocular health |
|
350 |
|
361 |
|
(3 |
) |
|
2 |
|
1,066 |
|
1,038 |
|
3 |
|
6 |
Total Vision Care |
|
908 |
|
923 |
|
(2 |
) |
|
5 |
|
2,728 |
|
2,644 |
|
3 |
|
8 |
Net sales to third parties |
|
2,124 |
|
2,084 |
|
2 |
|
|
9 |
|
6,499 |
|
6,088 |
|
7 |
|
12 |
Surgical growth driven by improvements across international markets
Surgical net sales of
For the nine months ended
Vision Care benefited from silicone hydrogel contact lenses and Systane artificial tears, significantly offset by supply chain challenges in contact lens care
Vision Care net sales of
For the nine months ended
Operating income
Third quarter 2022 operating income was
Adjustments to arrive at core operating income in the third quarter of 2022 were
Third quarter 2022 core operating margin of
Operating income for the nine months ended
Core operating margin for the nine months ended
Diluted earnings per share (EPS)
Third quarter 2022 diluted earnings per share were
Diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended
Balance sheet and cash flow highlights
The Company ended the first nine months of 2022 with a cash position of
Free cash flow(3) was
Financial debts totaled
Expected acquisition of Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
On
The purchase price of
Transformation update
In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company announced a multi-year transformation program to drive efficiency gains. The transformation program was originally projected to deliver annual run-rate savings of approximately
The Company has now identified additional transformation initiatives to deliver incremental efficiencies. As such, the Company now expects incremental run-rate savings of approximately
2022 outlook
The Company updated its 2022 outlook as per the table below. This outlook assumes that the 2022 global market grows at slightly above historical rates, that inflation stays at current levels throughout the remainder of the year, that the supply chain does not materially deteriorate and that the US dollar holds steady at
2022 outlook |
as of
|
as of
|
as of
|
as of
|
Comments vs.
|
|||||
Net sales (USD) |
|
|
|
|
Decrease |
|||||
CC net sales growth vs. 2021(2) |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Tightening of range |
|||||
Core operating margin(1) |
|
|
|
|
Tightening of range |
|||||
Interest expense and Other financial income & expense |
|
|
|
|
Maintain |
|||||
Core effective tax rate(5) |
|
|
|
|
Maintain |
|||||
Core diluted EPS(1) |
|
|
|
|
Tightening of range |
|||||
CC core diluted EPS growth vs. 2021(2) |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Tightening of range |
Webcast and Conference Call Instructions
The Company will host a conference call on
The Company's interim financial report and supplemental presentation materials can be found online through
Footnotes (pages 1-4)
(1) |
Core results, such as core operating margin and core EPS, are non-IFRS measures. For additional information, including a reconciliation of such core results to the most directly comparable measures presented in accordance with IFRS, see the explanation of non-IFRS measures and reconciliation tables in the 'Non-IFRS measures as defined by the Company' and 'Financial tables' sections. |
(2) |
Constant currency (cc) is a non-IFRS measure. Growth in constant currency (cc) is calculated by translating the current year’s foreign currency items into US dollars using average exchange rates from the historical comparative period and comparing them to the values from the historical comparative period in US dollars. An explanation of non-IFRS measures can be found in the 'Non-IFRS measures as defined by the Company' section. |
(3) |
Free cash flow is a non-IFRS measure. For additional information regarding free cash flow, see the explanation of non-IFRS measures and reconciliation tables in the 'Non-IFRS measures as defined by the Company' and 'Financial tables' sections. |
(4) |
Net (debt)/liquidity is a non-IFRS measure. For additional information regarding net (debt)/liquidity, see the explanation of non-IFRS measures and reconciliation tables in the 'Non-IFRS measures as defined by the Company' and 'Financial tables' sections. |
(5) |
Core effective tax rate, a non-IFRS measure, is the applicable annual tax rate on core taxable income. For additional information, see the explanation regarding reconciliation of forward-looking guidance in the 'Non-IFRS measures as defined by the Company' section. |
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains, and our officers and representatives may from time to time make, certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “intend,” “commitment,” “look forward,” “maintain,” “plan,” “goal,” “seek,” “target,” “assume,” “believe,” “project,” “estimate,” “expect,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “will” and similar references to future periods. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our liquidity, revenue, gross margin, operating margin, effective tax rate, foreign currency exchange movements, earnings per share, our plans and decisions relating to various capital expenditures, capital allocation priorities and other discretionary items such as our transformation program, market growth assumptions, our proposed acquisition of Aerie, and generally, our expectations concerning our future performance and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our businesses.
Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties and risks that are difficult to predict such as: cybersecurity breaches or other disruptions of our information technology systems; compliance with data privacy, identity protection and information security laws; our ability to comply with the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 and other applicable anti-corruption laws, particularly given that we have entered into a three-year Deferred Prosecution Agreement with the
Additional factors are discussed in our filings with the
Intellectual Property
This report may contain references to our proprietary intellectual property. All product names appearing in italics or ALL CAPS are trademarks owned by or licensed to
Non-IFRS measures as defined by the Company
Because of their non-standardized definitions, the non-IFRS measures (unlike IFRS measures) may not be comparable to the calculation of similar measures of other companies. These supplemental non-IFRS measures are presented solely to permit investors to more fully understand how
Core results
Taxes on the adjustments between IFRS and core results take into account, for each individual item included in the adjustment, the tax rate that will finally be applicable to the item based on the jurisdiction where the adjustment will finally have a tax impact. Generally, this results in amortization and impairment of intangible assets and acquisition-related restructuring and integration items having a full tax impact. There is usually a tax impact on other items, although this is not always the case for items arising from legal settlements in certain jurisdictions.
A limitation of the core measures is that they provide a view of
Constant currencies
Changes in the relative values of non-US currencies to the US dollar can affect
Constant currency calculations have the goal of eliminating two exchange rate effects so that an estimate can be made of underlying changes in the Consolidated Income Statement excluding:
- the impact of translating the income statements of consolidated entities from their non-US dollar functional currencies to the US dollar; and
- the impact of exchange rate movements on the major transactions of consolidated entities performed in currencies other than their functional currency.
Free cash flow
Net (debt)/liquidity
Growth rate and margin calculations
For ease of understanding,
Gross margins, operating income/(loss) margins and core operating income margins are calculated based upon net sales to third parties unless otherwise noted.
Reconciliation of guidance for forward-looking non-IFRS measures
The forward-looking guidance included in this press release cannot be reconciled to the comparable IFRS measures without unreasonable efforts, because we are not able to predict with reasonable certainty the ultimate amount or nature of exceptional items in the fiscal year. These items are uncertain, depend on many factors and could have a material impact on our IFRS results for the guidance period.
Financial tables
Net sales by region
|
|
Three months ended |
|
Nine months ended |
||||||||||||||||
($ millions unless indicated otherwise) |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
979 |
46 |
% |
|
939 |
45 |
% |
|
2,908 |
45 |
% |
|
2,732 |
45 |
% |
||||
International |
|
1,145 |
54 |
% |
|
1,145 |
55 |
% |
|
3,591 |
55 |
% |
|
3,356 |
55 |
% |
||||
Net sales to third parties |
|
2,124 |
100 |
% |
|
2,084 |
100 |
% |
|
6,499 |
100 |
% |
|
6,088 |
100 |
% |
Consolidated Income Statement (unaudited)
|
|
Three months ended September
|
|
Nine months ended September
|
||||||||
($ millions except earnings per share) |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
||
Net sales to third parties |
|
2,124 |
|
2,084 |
|
|
6,499 |
|
6,088 |
|
||
Other revenues |
|
16 |
|
18 |
|
|
47 |
|
54 |
|
||
Net sales and other revenues |
|
2,140 |
|
2,102 |
|
|
6,546 |
|
6,142 |
|
||
Cost of net sales |
|
(958 |
) |
(892 |
) |
|
(2,924 |
) |
(2,647 |
) |
||
Cost of other revenues |
|
(16 |
) |
(15 |
) |
|
(44 |
) |
(49 |
) |
||
Gross profit |
|
1,166 |
|
1,195 |
|
|
3,578 |
|
3,446 |
|
||
Selling, general & administration |
|
(762 |
) |
(779 |
) |
|
(2,306 |
) |
(2,263 |
) |
||
Research & development |
|
(159 |
) |
(318 |
) |
|
(506 |
) |
(662 |
) |
||
Other income |
|
5 |
|
4 |
|
|
17 |
|
18 |
|
||
Other expense |
|
(45 |
) |
(82 |
) |
|
(132 |
) |
(141 |
) |
||
Operating income |
|
205 |
|
20 |
|
|
651 |
|
398 |
|
||
Interest expense |
|
(34 |
) |
(31 |
) |
|
(94 |
) |
(92 |
) |
||
Other financial income & expense |
|
(24 |
) |
(12 |
) |
|
(63 |
) |
(29 |
) |
||
Income/(loss) before taxes |
|
147 |
|
(23 |
) |
|
494 |
|
277 |
|
||
Taxes |
|
(31 |
) |
25 |
|
|
(62 |
) |
(40 |
) |
||
Net income |
|
116 |
|
2 |
|
|
432 |
|
237 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Earnings per share ($) |
||||||||||||
Basic |
|
0.24 |
|
0.00 |
|
|
0.88 |
|
0.48 |
|
||
Diluted |
|
0.23 |
|
0.00 |
|
|
0.87 |
|
0.48 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (millions) |
||||||||||||
Basic |
|
491.7 |
|
490.1 |
|
|
491.4 |
|
489.9 |
|
||
Diluted |
|
494.7 |
|
493.8 |
|
|
494.3 |
|
493.2 |
|
Balance sheet highlights
($ millions) |
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
1,177 |
|
1,575 |
Current financial debts |
|
83 |
|
114 |
Non-current financial debts |
|
3,853 |
|
3,966 |
Free cash flow
The following is a summary of free cash flow for the nine months ended
|
Nine months ended |
|||
($ millions) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
Net cash flows from operating activities |
872 |
|
958 |
|
Purchase of property, plant & equipment |
(397) |
|
(380) |
|
Free cash flow |
475 |
|
578 |
Net (debt)/liquidity
($ millions) |
At |
|
|
Current financial debt |
(83 |
) |
|
Non-current financial debt |
(3,853 |
) |
|
Total financial debt |
(3,936 |
) |
|
|
|
||
Less liquidity: |
|
||
Cash and cash equivalents |
1,177 |
|
|
Derivative financial instruments |
18 |
|
|
Total liquidity |
1,195 |
|
|
Net (debt) |
(2,741 |
) |
Reconciliation of IFRS results to core results
Three months ended
($ millions except earnings per share) |
IFRS
|
|
Amortization of
|
|
Transformation
|
|
Other
|
|
Core
|
|
|||||
Gross profit |
1,166 |
|
142 |
|
— |
|
2 |
|
1,310 |
|
|||||
Selling, general & administration |
(762 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(762 |
) |
|||||
Research & development |
(159 |
) |
3 |
|
— |
|
(16 |
) |
(172 |
) |
|||||
Other income |
5 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
5 |
|
|||||
Other expense |
(45 |
) |
— |
|
17 |
|
12 |
|
(16 |
) |
|||||
Operating income |
205 |
|
145 |
|
17 |
|
(2 |
) |
365 |
|
|||||
Income before taxes |
147 |
|
145 |
|
17 |
|
(2 |
) |
307 |
|
|||||
Taxes(7) |
(31 |
) |
(24 |
) |
(2 |
) |
(2 |
) |
(59 |
) |
|||||
Net income |
116 |
|
121 |
|
15 |
|
(4 |
) |
248 |
|
|||||
Basic earnings per share ($) |
0.24 |
|
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
||||||||
Diluted earnings per share ($) |
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
||||||||
Basic - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
491.7 |
|
|
|
|
491.7 |
|
||||||||
Diluted - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
494.7 |
|
|
|
|
494.7 |
|
Refer to the associated explanatory footnotes at the end of the 'Reconciliation of IFRS results to core results' tables.
Three months ended
($ millions except earnings per share) |
IFRS
|
|
Amortization of
|
|
Impairments (2) |
|
Separation
|
Transformation
|
|
Legal
|
|
Other
|
|
Core
|
|
||||||||
Gross profit |
1,195 |
|
133 |
|
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
|
(1 |
) |
1,327 |
|
||||||||
Selling, general & administration |
(779 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
3 |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(776 |
) |
||||||||
Research & development |
(318 |
) |
5 |
|
178 |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
|
(39 |
) |
(174 |
) |
||||||||
Other income |
4 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
4 |
|
||||||||
Other expense |
(82 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
4 |
14 |
|
50 |
|
2 |
|
(12 |
) |
||||||||
Operating income |
20 |
|
138 |
|
178 |
|
7 |
14 |
|
50 |
|
(38 |
) |
369 |
|
||||||||
(Loss)/income before taxes |
(23 |
) |
138 |
|
178 |
|
7 |
14 |
|
50 |
|
(38 |
) |
326 |
|
||||||||
Taxes(7) |
25 |
|
(24 |
) |
(41 |
) |
— |
(3 |
) |
(12 |
) |
(2 |
) |
(57 |
) |
||||||||
Net income |
2 |
|
114 |
|
137 |
|
7 |
11 |
|
38 |
|
(40 |
) |
269 |
|
||||||||
Basic earnings per share ($) |
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
|||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share ($) |
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|||||||||||||
Basic - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
490.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
490.1 |
|
|||||||||||||
Diluted - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
493.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
493.8 |
|
Refer to the associated explanatory footnotes at the end of the 'Reconciliation of IFRS results to core results' tables.
Nine months ended
($ millions except earnings per share) |
IFRS
|
|
Amortization
|
|
Impairments(2) |
|
Transformation
|
|
Legal
|
|
Other
|
|
Core
|
|
|||||||
Gross profit |
3,578 |
|
423 |
|
59 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(1 |
) |
4,059 |
|
|||||||
Selling, general & administration |
(2,306 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(2,306 |
) |
|||||||
Research & development |
(506 |
) |
14 |
|
2 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(16 |
) |
(506 |
) |
|||||||
Other income |
17 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
17 |
|
|||||||
Other expense |
(132 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
41 |
|
20 |
|
25 |
|
(46 |
) |
|||||||
Operating income |
651 |
|
437 |
|
61 |
|
41 |
|
20 |
|
8 |
|
1,218 |
|
|||||||
Income before taxes |
494 |
|
437 |
|
61 |
|
41 |
|
20 |
|
8 |
|
1,061 |
|
|||||||
Taxes(7) |
(62 |
) |
(73 |
) |
(14 |
) |
(6 |
) |
(5 |
) |
(2 |
) |
(162 |
) |
|||||||
Net income |
432 |
|
364 |
|
47 |
|
35 |
|
15 |
|
6 |
|
899 |
|
|||||||
Basic earnings per share ($) |
0.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.83 |
|
||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share ($) |
0.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.82 |
|
||||||||||||
Basic - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
491.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
491.4 |
|
||||||||||||
Diluted - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
494.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
494.3 |
|
Refer to the associated explanatory footnotes at the end of the 'Reconciliation of IFRS results to core results' tables.
Nine months ended
($ millions except earnings per share) |
IFRS
|
|
Amortization
|
|
Impairments(2) |
|
Separation
|
|
Transformation
|
|
Legal
|
|
Other
|
|
Core
|
|
||||||||
Gross profit |
3,446 |
|
386 |
|
45 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(1 |
) |
3,876 |
|
||||||||
Selling, general & administration |
(2,263 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
12 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(2,251 |
) |
||||||||
Research & development |
(662 |
) |
5 |
|
178 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(31 |
) |
(510 |
) |
||||||||
Other income |
18 |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
(1 |
) |
17 |
|
||||||||
Other expense |
(141 |
) |
— |
|
— |
|
11 |
|
40 |
|
50 |
|
3 |
|
(37 |
) |
||||||||
Operating income |
398 |
|
391 |
|
223 |
|
23 |
|
40 |
|
50 |
|
(30 |
) |
1,095 |
|
||||||||
Income before taxes |
277 |
|
391 |
|
223 |
|
23 |
|
40 |
|
50 |
|
(30 |
) |
974 |
|
||||||||
Taxes(7) |
(40 |
) |
(70 |
) |
(51 |
) |
(4 |
) |
(8 |
) |
(12 |
) |
(1 |
) |
(186 |
) |
||||||||
Net income |
237 |
|
321 |
|
172 |
|
19 |
|
32 |
|
38 |
|
(31 |
) |
788 |
|
||||||||
Basic earnings per share ($) |
0.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.61 |
|
||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share ($) |
0.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.60 |
|
||||||||||||||
Basic - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
489.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
489.9 |
|
||||||||||||||
Diluted - weighted average shares outstanding (millions)(8) |
493.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
493.2 |
|
Refer to the associated explanatory footnotes at the end of the 'Reconciliation of IFRS results to core results' tables.
Explanatory footnotes to IFRS to core reconciliation tables
(1) |
Includes recurring amortization for all intangible assets other than software. |
(2) |
Includes impairment charges related to intangible assets. |
(3) |
Separation costs, primarily related to IT and third party consulting fees, following completion of the spin-off. |
(4) |
Transformation costs, primarily related to restructuring and third party consulting fees, for the multi-year transformation program. |
(5) |
For the nine months ended |
|
For the three and nine months ended |
(6) |
For the three months ended |
|
For the three months ended |
|
For the nine months ended |
|
For the nine months ended |
(7) |
For the three months ended |
|
For the three months ended |
|
For the nine months ended |
|
For the nine months ended |
(8) |
Core basic earnings per share is calculated using the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Core diluted earnings per share also contemplate dilutive shares associated with unvested equity-based awards as described in Note 4 to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements. |
About
Connect with us on
View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221111005411/en/
Investor Relations
+ 41 589 112 110 (
+ 1 817 615 2789 (
investor.relations@alcon.com
Media Relations
+ 41 589 112 111 (
+ 1 817 551 8057 (
globalmedia.relations@alcon.com
Source:
FAQ
What were Alcon's third quarter 2022 sales figures?
How did Alcon's earnings per share change in Q3 2022?
What is Alcon's updated outlook for 2022?
What impact did foreign currency have on Alcon's results?